Résultats de recherche

Revue: Neophilologica

Occhio all’italiana - cioè il ruolo dell’occhio nell’immagine linguistica del mondo italiano

Aleksandra Kosz

Langue: IT | Date de publication: 31-12-2005 | Résumé | p. 177-186

This paper investigates a cognitive study of the occhio (eye) concept in Italian. It contains an explanation of the chosen concept and explores its meaning and symbols not only in a language, but also in culture and religion. It comments on general concepts of cognitive linguistics like categorization and conceptualization in language. This research primarily utilizes the theory of Cognitive Grammar proposed by R.W. Langacker and also incorporates the Polish approach with JOS, The Linguistic Image of the World introduced by J. Bartmiński. The project focuses on describing the ways people perceive and define the world and reality and how they identify things and events.
There are six distinguished occ/no-profiles: structural, functional, animistic, intellectual, communicative
and sentimental. These profiles reflect what the expressions containing the occhio (eye) or ways of speaking actually communicate, and what these utterances mean. In the structural profile the expressions use the occhio (eye) form and shape to describe objects and phenomena. The functional profile utilizes the phisiological functions of eyes: sight ability, the capacity to see and the state of sleeping (or being awake). Living beings’ characteristics, such as movement and feelings can be found in the animistic profile of the occhio (eye). The intellectual profile shows the ability to understand, discover, judge, measure, and to estimate things. The most specific profile is the communicative profile. This profile can be connected to the intellectual one, in that it involves the capacity to speak by using the eyes, to read, to transfer some information without words. Finally, the sentimental profile includes all the locutions that somehow describe feelings or emotions. This analysis shows the different ways of world perception demonstrated in the locutions containing the occhio (eye) where the meaning depends on the speaker’s choice and intention.

2005-12-31



Revue: Neophilologica

Paese che vai, usanza che trovi. La concettualizzazione del paese in italiano

Aleksandra Paliczuk

Langue: IT | Date de publication: 31-12-2016 | Résumé | p. 220-231

The elements and phenomena of physical space are a very fertile area for different ways of conceptualizing the world. As a result, they give rise to conceptual constructs which are then reflected by linguistic expressions in many languages. Our conceptualization of the world is mostly based on experience, especially physical one, that is to say, we conceive abstract concepts in terms of concrete ones. Among the theories dealing with cognitive linguistics, in the present paper the author makes a particular use of cognitive grammar, i.e. with a focus on the process of imagery in language, proposed by Ronald W. Langacker, and a relevant notion of linguistic image of the world elaborated by Polish researchers, Jerzy Bartmiński and Ryszard Tokarski. The paper is an attempt to present a cognitive analysis of the concept of paese (country) in Italian. It endeavors to explain how the Italians conceive and perceive the concept in question in opposition to its Polish and English equivalents.

2016-12-31



Revue: Neophilologica

Images linguistiques du monde à travers des séquences figées

Monika Sułkowska

Langue: FR | Date de publication: 31-12-2005 | Résumé | p. 137-144

Monika Sułkowska analyzed, on the lexical level, the problem of a linguistic image of the world, by comparing phraseological units denoting body parts in French, Italian and Polish. She came to the conclusion that although in these languages the linguistic images of the world and metaphorical meanings of expressions are similar, there are some differences between their metaphorical representations. One can often encounter expressions that differ on the aspect of an employed body part e.g. French avoir la tete sur les epaules and Polish mieć głowę na karku. Most of the differences in the organization of such idiomatic expressions are connected with the names of upper limbs (arm, shoulder, hand, palm), lower limbs (leg, foot) and names like nape or armpit The opposition appears usually between French and Italian on one side, and Polish on the other. The observed differences in representation can be explained by the sernic analysis and by the prototypical cognitive structures.

2005-12-31



Revue: Neophilologica

Sur la représentation linguistique de la femme en français et en polonais

Józef Sypnicki , Jolanta Dyoniziak

Langue: FR | Date de publication: 31-12-2005 | Résumé | p. 162-176

The authors of the article attempted to present the stereotypical image of woman in French and Polish. On the basis of the analysis of the linguistic corpus including two thousand proverbs, idiomatic expressions and metaphors that can be found in various linguistic dictionaries, the authors arrived at the conclusion that in both French and Polish:
- the cognitive model of woman comprises three basic profiles (physical aspect, character and intellect traits, social roles),
- the metaphoric representation of woman employs items belonging to the women’s domain (home, kitchen), the men’s domain (car, gun), the world of animals (goat, goose, horse) and the imaginary world (goddess, nymph, mermaid),
- the stereotypes of women are usually negative, only those concerning mother are deprived of any disparaging elements.

2005-12-31



Revue: Neophilologica

Tradurre l’immagine del mondo. L’approccio cognitivo alla traduzione sull’esempio del Cosmo (Kosmos) di Witold Gombrowicz

Aleksandra Paliczuk

Langue: IT | Date de publication: 31-12-2013 | Résumé | p. 208-218

This paper is an attempt of a cognitive analysis performed on a piece of Polish literature translated into Italian, entitled Kosmos (Cosmos) by Witold Gombrowicz. The translation was made by Francesco M. Catalucci e Donatella Tozzetti. It presents the difficulties and traps that translators encounter in their work and emphasizes the complexity of translation process as a phenomena that is not only linguistic, but also operating on mental level of individuals as well as of linguistic communities. The analysis demonstrates some examples of Gombrowicz’s particular language and compares them with the translated expressions. It explains how important is for a succeeded translation not only the translator’s linguistic competence but, in particular, his wide knowledge about the nation that speaks the language of the text to be translated.

2013-12-31



Revue: Neophilologica

Les prépositions italiennes di et da et la préposition française de. Une étude contrastive dans un cadre cognitif

Katarzyna Kwapisz-Osadnik

Langue: FR | Date de publication: 31-12-2018 | Résumé | p. 169-180

The aim of the article is to examine the functioning of Italian prepositions di and da and the French preposition de. Given their common Latin origin, it can be noted that some of the uses of the French preposition de are divided between at least two Italian prepositions. The author of the article briefly presents the state of the research in this field and then proposes a reflection in the context of cognitive linguistics. The functioning of the prepositions in question is presented in relation to the
language image of the world, which is formed at the level of collective experience, in relation to both conceptual and linguistic levels, where the predication is determined (semantic invariant, usage preferences). It also refers to the discursive level, where the linguistic choices of the speakers are made.

2018-12-31



Revue: Neophilologica

La imagen conceptual de la alegría reflejada en los fraseologismos españoles y polacos

Joanna Adamiczka

Langue: ES | Date de publication: 31-12-2012 | Résumé | p. 9-20

The aim of the research presented in the article is to reconstruct the conceptual image of joy reflected in the Spanish and Polish fixed expressions. The study is based on the theory of the linguistic image of the world and on the cognitive theory of metaphor. The analysis allows the formation of hypothesis about the way in which the Spanish and Polish language communities understand the idea of joy and shows that there are both similarities and differences between the conceptual images of this emotion reflected in the languages in question. In both languages the joy is conceptualized by means of the references to its prototypical causes, experiences, external expressions, internal symptoms and to other phenomena associated with it and not related to the emotional situation. Furthermore, in both languages, the joy is conceptualized with the use of the same conceptual metaphors: JOY IS LIGHT, JOY IS INTERNAL GROWTH, JOY IS LIGHTNESS, JOY IS UP. In relation to the more specific level of the conceptualization, both similarities and differences have been observed. For example, in both languages the joy is associated with the childhood, only in the Spanish language it is associated with the Easter, while only in the Polish language, with birds.

2012-12-31



Revue: Neophilologica

Il passo dal pensiero alla lingua – l’analisi cognitiva della strada nella lingua italiana

Aleksandra Kosz

Langue: IT | Date de publication: 31-12-2008 | Résumé | p. 124-141

The following paper investigates a cognitive study of strada (way) in Italian. It is an attempt to present the relation between cognitive processes and language on the basis of the chosen concept. A cognitive analysis shows the way of its comprehension. It is a search for the answer to the following question: how do the human perceptive and cognitive processes function and how does the perception of reality influence the language? The analysis of usage of strada presents the linguistic image of the examined concept in Italian. There is an enormous number of relations among the way of perceiving reality, the way of conceiving it, and the way of its interpretation resulting in the linguistic structures. The relation between the process of cognition and the language is undeniable, and this study is an endeavour to reveal the phenomenon observable in use of language, namely the way people project the real world into the abstract one, in order to understand it better and more fully.

2008-12-31



Revue: Neophilologica

Le portrait de presse: images et paroles d'un monde en crise

Isabelle Laborde-Milaa

Langue: FR | Date de publication: 31-12-2005 | Résumé | p. 118-124

This article relies on an initial statement: during social troubled times, the news media portray series of individualized though partially anonymous actors, who are supposed to account for a collective crisis. This constitutes a kind of paradox, and brings the following question: according to which strategies, both linguistic and discursive, does a Press Portrait pretend to reflect the image(s) of this restless world? We will specifically consider different levels of tension, between the specific and generic dimensions, on the one hand, and the discourse of the newspaper and that of the social actors on the other hand. In the end, this upgrading of the individual ‘speech’ (the word is always positive) results in the setting up of archetypes; it produces a cultural reference common to all readers and, lastly, questions the relationship between portrait and the related genres in their discourse on the crisis.

2005-12-31