Search Results

Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Cultural heritage as a key notion of regional education. Terminological considerations

Grzegorz Odoj

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2012 | Abstract | pp. 44-55

 It is impossible not to see consequences deriving from the lack of precision of the meaning of cultural heritage and notions connected to it in view of education called regional. It is easy to notice that cultural heritage both in ministry acts, publications on regional education and teachers’ and regionalists’ discourses is fairly freely used or even put in the form of imprecise generalities. An excessive inclination for differentiating between meanings ascribed to cultural heritage makes it very fluid and ambiguous. A characteristic of this phenomenon is a constant appearance of its new social and cultural features, which makes it difficult to predict its potential future specificity. If no significant processes of the destabilization of social life take place, we will witness the birth of a new content constituting cultural heritage. In this context, regional education is given a special role, whose one of the key tasks should be preparing the young for making a national evaluation of the cultural heritage content (yet it contains both the resources of the good and the evil), and making conscious choices therein in order to make them transform and adjust cultural heritage to the current needs in the future in a rational and reasonable way.

2012-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Cultural heritage as a key notion of regional education. Terminological considerations

Grzegorz Odoj

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2012 | Abstract | pp. 44-55

 It is impossible not to see consequences deriving from the lack of precision of the meaning of cultural heritage and notions connected to it in view of education called regional. It is easy to notice that cultural heritage both in ministry acts, publications on regional education and teachers’ and regionalists’ discourses is fairly freely used or even put in the form of imprecise generalities. An excessive inclination for differentiating between meanings ascribed to cultural heritage makes it very fluid and ambiguous. A characteristic of this phenomenon is a constant appearance of its new social and cultural features, which makes it difficult to predict its potential future specificity. If no significant processes of the destabilization of social life take place, we will witness the birth of a new content constituting cultural heritage. In this context, regional education is given a special role, whose one of the key tasks should be preparing the young for making a national evaluation of the cultural heritage content (yet it contains both the resources of the good and the evil), and making conscious choices therein in order to make them transform and adjust cultural heritage to the current needs in the future in a rational and reasonable way.

2012-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

The problem of valuing cultural heritage and its functional conditions from a cultural studies perspective

Andrzej Bełkot

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2012 | Abstract | pp. 32-43

The cultural studies analyses basing on a socio‑regulating conception of culture understand culture and cultural heritage in a very similar way. The difference could consist in perceiving culture more „procedurally” and cultural heritage more „subjectively”. The former would refer to the thought reality, the latter to its content. However, in both cases, they take on the form of cultural regulations that is why the division suggested is fairly arbitrary in nature. The main subject of considerations is the problem of complex relations between the means of a conscious development of the cultural heritage and its dependence of objective conditions. In the light of theory‑cultural assumptions, worldview valorizations influence the ultimate form of cultural heritage less significantly than the demand of social practice. Despite it, the components of socio‑subjective regulators are mental in character, and depend directly on their previous historical forms. Thus, one cannot totally abandon or overcome cultural heritage. Even though particular regulating beliefs or their whole units deactualize in culture, they can exist in social awareness after the meaningful recontextualization under the label of precious „cultural traces” or relics deprived of symbolic values.

2012-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage from the perspective of an anthropological discourse

Kinga Czerwińska

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2012 | Abstract | pp. 218-228

In the light of a deepening globalization and degradation of a cultural diversification of societies, many actions aiming at maintaining their unique nature are taken. The very activity concentrates especially on intangible representations of cultural heritage which are particularly susceptible to depreciation, and, consequently, loss as a result of modern civilization processes such as uncontrolled urbanization and destruction of rural areas. The awareness of constantly progressing dangers enforces taking proper actions and engaging the international society. Out of concern for maintaining the most precious elements of the world intangible heritage, a series of programmes, among whom the ones conducted by UNESCO should be paid special attention to. One of them is the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, the result of which is among others creating The Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. UNESCO’s convention was approved of enthusiastically as an important step to maintaining cultural heritage. At the same time, the actions undertaken initiated many debates, mainly in the circle of ethnologists, culturologists, animators or pedagogues. The voices of polemics touch upon many aspects of The Convention: from theoretical-methodological to those concerning particular means of realizing given tasks. The article concentrates on several selected issues that need reflection, or even, verification of opinions made so far. The findings in question are very important especially in the light of ratifying The Convention by the Republic of Poland in 2011.

2012-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Exploring cultural heritage in terms of market applications of cultural codes

Rafał Paprocki

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2012 | Abstract | pp. 67-77

The article concerns cultural heritage in terms of identifying cultural codes with their market applications. The very subject-matter is presented in the context of modern socio-civilizational changes. The leading premises of the studies on culture in the light of the market applications of cultural codes are the strengthening process of permeating the world of culture and the world of market, as well as the phenomenon of globalization. The article is based on the assumption that understanding the nature of modern cultural changes needs a multidisciplinary approach. In order to define the conditions of cultural and consumerist patterns three selected conceptions included in qualitative market studies were taken into account. After bringing the premises of a qualitative method closer, methods and techniques constituting the tools of the research on attitudes and preferences culturally-conditioned were discussed. The text closes with an attempt to reflect on the role of science and studies on cultural conditions of behaviours in terms of chances and threats deriving from the exploration of cultural heritage.

2012-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

(Accustoming a Lower-Silesia village after the World War II by Poles from the Eastern borderlands of the Second Republic of Poland)

Marian Grzegorz Gerlich

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2012 | Abstract | pp. 113-137

The subject-matter of considerations is a presentation based on memories reports of the cultural process of accustoming Lower-Silesia villages by the population from the Eastern borderlands of the Second Republic of Poland. The basis of this work constitutes empirical studies conducted between 1989 and 2009. The analyses cover the first period of Pole relocation, namely from 1945 to 1946. What has been assumed is a colloquial way the relocated understand their history, according to which the timeline is broadened and comprises the period from the World War II breakout and, subsequently, so called occupations (a Soviet, German and again Soviet one) to the moment of their arrival to the Western lands. In accordance with such an understanding of their own fate, cultural accustomation of new spaces is analysed through trauma and experiences of these people starting from a luminal period, it being a death of Poland in September 1939. This kind of a subjective perception of the history of one’s own group is extremely attractive for an anthropological analysis. It enables tracing not only subsequent political changes and prosecution of the Polish people connected with it, but also cultural changes, and new competence gain. It is them that, in consequence, determined a qualitatively different way of a dialogue with a changing reality and one’s won cultural heritage despite the permanence of many traditional cultural structures. It was a totally new phenomenon, and unknown to this population. Objectively speaking, it required the renouncement of many cultural canons biding so far and working out categorically new mediation structures under the circumstances of a dismantled borderline. It derived from particularly a political, but also cultural status of the Polish borderline people in this area. The experiences constituted the basis for the formation of a new social and cultural capital. As a result, it decided on particular ways of a cultural accustomation of the people in an extreme situation. The text paid attention to such issues as the first contact with a foreign land, new, multidimensional challenges, and, consequently, accustoming homestead, farmstead, fields, chapels and roadside crosses, and, finally, the whole village space.

2012-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Cultural heritage — in politics, practice, and education (the example of Slovakia)

Katarína Koštialová , Jolana Darulová

Language: ##locale.name.sk_SK## | Published: 20-02-2012 | Abstract | pp. 229-2470

 Cultural and art heritage of Slovakia has been since 2007 one of the priorities in research and development. As a consequence of growing globalization and acculturation there is a real danger of the loss of traditional cultural values. That is why it is crucial to pay special attention to the research of cultural and art heritage. Application of knowledge on cultural heritage in the educational process is highly important because the level of national and ethnic identity and pride of young generation is not connected with cultural and art traditions of Slovakia.

2012-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Art — a useful or useless memory of the place?

Ewa Gładkowska

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2012 | Abstract | pp. 207-217

Against the background of a dramatic and complicated post-war past of Warmia and Mazuria, the author of the article makes an attempt to show area impoverishment being the result of among others the ignorance, and often, a methodical distortion of a historic substance, constituting an element of foreign heritage. In an outline, she presents a difficult process of regaining the awareness of a multicultural heritage of these lands, underlining a contribution of the Borussia Cultural Community to the development of a different culture of inheritance than the one before the political transformation. A work of art being a carrier of historical and aesthetic values is also a memory of the place. Especially the architecture monuments realize this mission combining the present with the past. They remind of their old identity performing a new function today. Basing on the example of the project Mendelson’s House, realized by Borussia in Olsztyn, the possibilities of the restoration of the very object connected with the history of East-Prussian Jews and an activity of Erich Mendelson, a world-famous architect from Olsztyn were presented. The project realized by Borussia seems to be a solution adjusted to the contemporary needs connected with the acquisition of cultural heritage and places of memory. In view of its aesthetic values, art is a special carrier of memory and cultural good building, as attempted to be shown, the sense of a region al identity inscribing into the idea of an open regionalism. The art of this region is perceived as dominants of the cultural memory when exploring and acquiring a multicultural heritage of Warmia and Mazuria.

2012-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

The influence of the cultural town space on the individual identification - an example of Ciechanów and Warszawa

Irena Kotowicz-Borowy

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2010 | Abstract | pp. 416-423

We create, animate and value space, marking it with a historical memory of events and filling it with artifacts. They constitute signs and symbols transmitted with the whole cultural heritage and tradition to next generations. A town dweller, as man of a traditional rural community, moves throughout his/her whole life between two types of space: a safe one (orbis interior) and an unknown, foreign, dangerous one (orbis exterior). The loss of place by an individual in a known and safe space causes willingness and need to find him/herself a place. The lack of ingrainment causes the inability of identification. The individual often feels alienated, deprived of his/her “own place” in the natural, historical, geographical, ethnic and cultural sense. The identification as such of Ciechanów town dwellers who came to Warszawa 30—40 years ago proves the lack of the sense of full identity with the cultural space of the capital. It is to a greater extent the identification with particular places in this space, e.g. with an Old Town, The Warsaw University, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Wilanów or even The Palace of Culture and Science. A big part of the cultural space in Ciechanów was rejected, especially the one which lost its traditional image and because of Macdonaldisation became unremarkable (e.g. Marshal J. Piłsudski Square). The young generation of children of migrants from Ciechanów, brought up already in Warszawa, e.g. in the district of Ursynów, shows the sense of bond with the cultural town space, both the traditional, modern and Macdonald one. At the same time, they are more and more interested in places connected with the childhood of their grandparents and parents, as well as more and more often reveal the willingness to identify with the traditional cultural space of their ancestors.

2010-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Lost, Sought, and Recovered: The Cultural Heritage of Industrial Łódź and the Example of Art_Inkubator in Fabryka Sztuki [Art Factory]

Natalie Moreno-Kamińska

Language: PL | Published: 21-12-2020 | Abstract | pp. SEIA.2020.20.02 s. 1-17

Over the past 25 years, Łódź has seen an evolution in attitude towards the city’s post-industrial heritage, both material and non-material. Exemplifying these processes of loss, seeking, and retrieval is Art_Inkubator, a complex of 19th-century factories in the city’s central district of Księży Młyn that once belonged to Karol Scheibler and Ludwik Grohman. The goal of the project, carried out by a municipal cultural institution known as Fabryka Sztuki, has been to revitalize and adapt former factory buildings, including them in its incubator program dedicated to the support of activities within the creative industries sector. Another cultural heritage site known as MuseumABC is also located in this area. Fabryka Sztuki’s efforts have preserved the factory buildings as part of the city’s cultural heritage and made it possible to put their historic features to good use in the development of innovative and creative activities. After decades of neglect, the characteristic red-brick buildings have been
given “new life” as centres of culture and business enterprise.

2020-12-21



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Cultural Heritage as a Part of Cultural Potential (in the Context of Revitalization of Ethnic Minorities)

Ladislav Lenovský

Language: EN | Published: 18-07-2019 | Abstract | pp. 77-88

Cultural heritage is considered to be a valuable and representative part of the culture derived from the past. Cultural potential is a set of cultural phenomena, elements and complexes used or usable for profit. It consists of five components: heritage; organizations and institutions; events and products; infrastructure; human resources. Cultural mapping is being used for its identification, where the elements of cultural potential are cultural resources. The mapping of cultural potential with an emphasis on cultural heritage is a prerequisite for the success of revitalization of the nearly extinct ethnic group of German woodcutters from the Small-Carpathian region – Huncokars.

2019-07-18



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

(Polish Ethnographic Atlas — challenges in view of modernity)

Edyta Diakowska-Kohut

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2012 | Abstract | pp. 241-253

The article presents an over 65-year history and output of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas, treated as an invaluable source of information on the Polish traditional culture. The main challenge to be currently faced by the Atlas Studio, is actions in favour of the maintenance and promotion of cultural heritage included in the materials from the field studies. The very materials prove the elements of cultural heritage comprising information on disappearing beliefs, traditions, ceremonies, social and economic behaviours such as agriculture, farming, rural construction, or traditional craft. Thus, what becomes necessity is digitalization allowing for maintaining and popularizing Atlas. Making digital copies and their availability is extremely important for maintaining cultural heritage for future generations. On the other hand, it will protect this part of the output of Polish ethnology, namely a valuable and unique collection of the materials of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas.

2012-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Cultural heritage as a part of personality and its instrumentalisation in a socio-political life

Krzysztof Gładkowski

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2012 | Abstract | pp. 13-31

The article presents selected aspects of relations between cultural heritage and human personality. The main hypothesis is a belief that there exists a tight connection between the place of birth and growing up and the development of human personality. Political manipulation, aiming at distorting historical facts concerning the history of places that were subject to different authorities as a result of territorial changes in order to legitimize authorities, constitutes an important barrier in personality development. Its consequence is the so called suspended identity. An important role of a homeland in human personality was illustrated on the example of an Upper‑Silesian Evangelic community. Its members live in dispersion in Germany nowadays. They create however a community based on a cultural bond shaped in the past in a home village and continued today in various forms of meetings, action and journeys to Heimat. In the case of this community, religion, apart from forms of cultivating bonds with a homeland, plays an important role in the process of rationalization of traumatic experiences from childhood and youth times, and, hence, in maintaining a mental balance through a consolidation of a social bond. Conclusions on the very relation between cultural heritage and personality are drawn in the final part of the text. They are philosophical as well as psychological‑anthropological in nature.

2012-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

An interpassive and ideological dimension of the politics of cultural heritage

Michał Rauszer

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2012 | Abstract | pp. 56-66

A basic question that should be answered in the context of cultural heritage concerns its reinforcement in a social practice in line with all political implications. In view of the collapse of great narrations and a postmodernist distance of any engagement, directing towards an „identity constantly built”, the only form of a real engagement is cynical distance. The same is true of characters created for the purposes of a virtual game; their emotions are not simply false, but on the contrary, they sometimes reflect the state of their creators. At the same time, a virtual reality allows for maintaining a minimum of a distance thanks to the fact that we can withdraw from it any time we want. This distance is crucial when it comes to shaping a cultural identity these days. When we look at the functioning of local societies wielding power over an identity discourse of a community, two relationships appear. The first one consists in the functioning of regional societies in a social practice as original disponent of memory and identity. The second describes the attitude to societies of remaining inhabitants who, due to transferring the pleasure of awareness of their subjectivity to a local organization can deal with other issues. The very relationship is known as interpassivity. Political and ideological implications of both of them have been traced on the basis of Nie wszystko jest oczywiste, a book by Czesław Robotycki. A theoretician should notice here two important political reservations. Firstly, transferring of the pleasure of one’s own awareness is accompanied by the renouncement of making decisions on its shape so even though we convince ourselves that we are independent subjects (a cynical distance), in a social practice, objectively speaking, we behave as if we believed because of some “other” (local organizations). Secondly, building a local identity must be based on a tough theoretical basis because otherwise it will boil down to just folklore curiosities and ethnographic relics (though, in a conscious politics they are very important). The aim of my considerations is, thus, the evaluation of something that is as enigmatic as a cultural heritage in the context of modernity, and showing political dangers in the renouncement of one’s own subjectivity.

2012-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Tourist souvenirs — a miniature or a caricature of cultural heritage?

Magdalena Banaszkiewicz

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2012 | Abstract | pp. 167-178

Cultural heritage constitutes one of the most important constituent elements of a modern tourist product. When explaining the phenomena connected to the phenomenon of modern travelling, understanding interactions co‑creating a tourist offer seems to be a key task not only from the academic point of view, but also a potential development of the region. Tourist souvenirs can be perceived as a certain product of cultural narration, social expectations and hard laws of economy. Can they lead to a better “plunge” in culture or rather they oversimplify a rich understanding of tradition boiling it down to popculture artefacts? A semiotic-cultural analysis presented in the very article is to introduce the circle of issues connected to the dynamics of relations between cultural heritage and tourist souvenirs, as well as bringing processes lying at the bottom of the so called tourism culturalisation closer.

2012-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Gastronomic rarities on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity as an inspiration for culinary tourism

Dominik Orłowski , Magdalena Woźniczko

Language: PL | Published: 18-07-2018 | Abstract | pp. 98-124

This article aims at browsing through items of gastronomic rarities in UNESCO World List of Intangible Cultural Heritage, which might be the reason and the motif to visit particular places in the world. At the same time, it reflects a new trend in topic-related trips, which is obviously culinary tourism. Gastronomic rarities items placed in UNESCO World List of Intangible Cultural Heritage are the examples of world’s culinary cultural heritage. According to the international community, food regarded as gastronomic rarities in UNESCO World List of Intangible Cultural Heritage has a historical value nowadays. It is due to preserving customs and ceremonies which coincide with national culture of nutrition and food consumption.

2018-07-18



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

The Documentary Practices and Usage of the Cultural Heritage of Cieszyn Silesia from the beginning of the 19th Century to the Second World War

Grzegorz Studnicki

Language: PL | Published: 21-12-2020 | Abstract | pp. SEIA.2020.20.01 s. 1-21

This article is devoted to an interest in local folk culture, regional heritage, and the past of Cieszyn Silesia, as well as to methods extending back through the 19th century for the documentation, popularization, and protection of the unique cultural knowledge of the region. Attention is primarily given to the activities of the Cieszyn Silesians themselves. The author examines multiple sources, including local periodicals, for elements of local culture (folklore, dialects, traditional outfits, customs). He tries to capture how the phenomena of cultural heritage is defined both regionally and nationally, and also how it can be used as a resource in tourism and in broadly-understood identity polic

2020-12-21



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Formation of the culinary culture of the Europeans

Rastislava Stoličná

Language: PL | Published: 20-12-2011 | Abstract | pp. 209-219

Food and habits connected with it provide a lot of information on the subject of culture. The cultural memory of people, connected with a mythological and religious understanding of the world giving certain dishes, food, drinks a symbolic meaning and some that of taboo, was encoded in eating. The ancient culture of Greeks and Romans was based on farming. Harvest, grapes and olives — three produces of food and cultural role, and the identification symbol of this civilization were the most important. On such basis grew the Mediterranean culinary system which possessed visible vegetarian features, completed with meat and cheese. Nutritionally, the values accepted by “barbarians”, population inhabiting northern and southern Europe at this time, were much different. Different Celtic and German tribes upheld wild nature, fishing animals and collecting widely growing plants. Their main culinary value was not bread but meat. A significant difference between a culinary culture of particular areas of Europe, initiated in ancient times, has existed in the cultural memory till now and belongs to the factors of their identification and separateness. Christianity which was born and grew as the evidence and heritage of Hebrew culture, within the Mediterranean civilization, relegated the role of the products forming a material and ideological basis for this culture to the role of culinary symbols of the cult. By a gradual mixing of “barbarian” rituals with Christian ideology the European culinary culture was cristallised, including mainly the role of meat and fat. In a Christian cultural circle meat had connotations it has nowadays. A common food eating in a symbolic and real way expresses peace and friendship, as well as complementariness between co-feasters. During feasts and ceremonial dinners meat is offered being the symbol of prosperity and culinary pleasure for Europeans.

2011-12-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

The Role of Contemporary City Fairs in Dissemination of the Non-Material Cultural Heritage (as Illustrated by the Jagiellonian Fair in Lublin)

Katarzyna Kraczoń

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2014 | Abstract | pp. 143-153

The article shown the role that contemporary urban markets have in the dissemination of cultural heritage. Author discusses the basic principles of the Convention of 2003, the scope of cultural heritage and the definition of „protection”. Next shows the ideas, goals and the most important events of Jagiellonian Fair, showing the positive aspects and risks associated with the promotion of cultural heritage. Initiatives and venture fairs shows the potential of cultural fairs not only the city but also the entire country and the eastern part of the European Union.

2014-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Scientific, Political and Economical Aspects of Interest in the Cultural Heritage of the Kashubians

Anna Kwaśniewska

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2014 | Abstract | pp. 15-27

An important role of creating and maintaining identity of ethnic groups is a cultural heritage. That is an expression of the continuity of cultural, social and political. Contemporary interest of the cultural heritage of Kashubians and their language, stems from the process of creating a nation of Kashubian. System transformation and the associated with this a liberal economy contributed to the recovery of activity of local communities in various fields. It proved that globalization is a destructive force but also, strengthening local communities, that they realize the importance of their cultural heritage, solicit its preservation, on the other hand, treat as a commercial product.

2014-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Traditional sports games – as a promotion and a chance to preserve national identity through ludic forms of physical activity

Małgorzata Bronikowska

Language: PL | Published: 28-08-2022 | Abstract | pp. 1-13

This article shows an important sphere of social life, i.e. Physical Culture, regarding its elements: play, games, and sports as intangible global and at the same time regional heritage of every corner of the world. Through this work, the author wants to emphasise the crucial role of traditional games and sports in the globalised world, also showing UNESCO and TAFISA’s huge initiatives and endeavours they undertake to revitalise and prevent old sports from being forgotten. They are devoted and very involved in building a better climate for the promotion of various traditional physical activities in the context of cultural diversity. The author also wants to stress in this article that there are few groups of people around the globe who really care about the intangible kind of heritage hidden in traditional forms of sports and games. The further intention of this work is to awaken the awareness of other researchers and people for whom the local heritage is fundamental for a better future in a unified world.

2022-08-28



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Globalization and a Lost Sense of Identity and Cultural Heritage

Halina Szymańska

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2014 | Abstract | pp. 240-252

More and more people, especially young have problems with indentifying themselves and cultural heritage. The ethnology examines the mechanisms of culture, globalisation processes and cultural heritage. The purpose of this article is describing the relation between culture globalisation and consumerism as well as identity crisis. Efforts have been taken based on the literature and own considerations that propagation of consumer life style in global media culture contributes to the spread of addition, depression and aggression and at the same time forgetting about the cultural heritage and lost of the sense of identity.

2014-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

A flat designed in an IKEA style. Considerations from the area of the ethnography of living

Katarzyna Orszulak-Dudkowska

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2012 | Abstract | pp. 190-203

The article presents considerations on a domestic space, its functional division and ways of arrangement, the analysis of which is to illustrate both the continuation of old cultural patterns, and various types of changes proved by the attempts to transfer new social trends to homes. The author underlines that an overview of the ways of living in a given culture can reflect the dynamics of the rhythm of a particular culture. The way of organizing and functioning a house has always been influenced by such factors as the level of a technical development, economy type, values and ideals of a dominant culture, as well as a political system and social ideology. However, nowadays, a big influence on shaping a domestic space is ascribed to the culture dominated by the market laws and common consumerism, as well as a marketing policy of big market chains and commercial messages promoting their offer. An example of this commercial message which influences certain ways of arranging and using a flat interior design is in socio-cultural conditions in Poland these days, is a catalogue of IKEA shopping chains which, in these considerations, constitutes the basic material subject to analysis (the IKEA catalogues published in Poland between 2004—2011 more specifically). As the analysis conducted has it, the IKEA marketing materials treat house as one of the most appreciated values. What is more, it is a domestic space and its arrangement that is to be one of the most important elements defining an identity of an individual, but also revealing the quality of their everyday life. Thinking about a home designed in an IKEA style refers both to cultural traditions, presenting a vision of living in the contemporary world deriving from a material heritage of various world cultures, and grows from the rules of the market governing the economy of modern societies. Thus, IKEA, in its marketing practices, aims at developing a new life style meaning a particular relationship of traditions and material heritage with culture based on the market and commercial laws, but also deriving from a modern thinking about man’s identity these days.

2012-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

A heritage of complexes. A cultural crisis of the borderlands?

Katarzyna R. Łozowska

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2012 | Abstract | pp. 81-93

The borderlands perceived as borderlines, peripheries, a small homeland form a discourse of multiculturalism, one of the strongest discourses successfully functioning in the light of others, an anthropological, sociological or historical one nowadays. It was 1989 that made us aware of not only rich traditions of what was traditionally called the borderlands, but confronted Poles with the existence of the “Other” and “Foreign”, as well as discovered a series of relations that joined us with them. The awareness of cultural, social and traditional differences slowly overlapped with a belief that the freedom of Poland is not only the result of their dedicated battle, and martyrdom inscribed into our patriotic genotype. Apart from pride, Poles strongly felt the sense of injustice for territorial, cultural and economic loss, unjust accusations of our neighbours, but also a hidden sense of guilt, Poles’ co‑responsibility for the Holocaust or our colonization past. A discourse of multiculturalism is considered to be the product of passion and power, needs, anxieties, projects and longings. Searching joint experiences with our neighbours, we establish our existence according to the latest biding criteria. We use politics to hear “Polishness” when saying “multiculturalism”. A multicultural pot included accusations of xenophobia and arguments against it, our openness to the “Other”, tolerance of various ethnoses, joint historical experiences. Multiculturalism is an answer to Jews’, Lithuanians’, Ukrainians’ or Germans’ grudges telling their own history in a way totally different from our versions. Collapsing borderland projects discover a new space of multivoicing, without ideological benefits for the Polish culture. The problem of the “Other” is becoming a suggestion to find a real self, deprived of an embarrassing heritage and „overload of everyday life” in its face.

2012-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Context of Studies of Social Contacts and Networks

Daniel Drápala

Language: PL | Published: 21-12-2020 | Abstract | pp. SEIA.2020.20.07 s. 1-11

This article discusses the use of the concept of social capital in relation to the elements of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) and the need to protect it. At the outset, the author examines theoretical concepts which researchers have employed, in past decades, outside the area of ethnological studies. The article highlights one of the basic principles, that of social capital, which consists in sharing real and potential sources, knowledge, and information, which an individual person or group acquires through relations that may to some degree be characterized as institutional. Based on experiences gathered both in a national context (the Czech Republic) and within that of an international organization (UNESCO), the article attempts to assess the extent to which it is possible to apply the theoretical foundations of the idea of the social capital to ICH, where the principles of the sharing of and mutual respect towards cultural elements are two of the basic premises.

2020-12-21



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

A battle for the space in a multicultural city on the example of Vilnius

Iwona Kabzińska

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2016 | Abstract | pp. 71-86

A mythologised image of Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie and its capital — Vilnius — says about a co existence of the representatives of the ethnic, religious and cultural groups. The situation changed radically in the 19th century when the leaders of the Lithuanian national movement treated the opposi¬tion to everything that is Polish as a condition of the success of the national idea, the development of the Lithuanian culture and identity. The benefits deriving from the historical relations with Poland were negated. The Poles were accused of the conscious devastation of the Lithuanian culture and compulsory Polonization of Lithuanians. The next source of conflicts was the inclusion of Vilnius and Wileńszczyzna to the II Republic of Poland (the so called Vilnius excursion 1919—1920). In spite of the flow of time, the echoes of the battles of Vilnius have been still alive. As it was in the past, the questions that arise are Whose city it is? To whom does it belong? The cause of the conflicts is not only historical “past”, political issues, mutual accusations and sense of harm, but also the contemporary transformations of the city. The battle has been fought on the so-called resources, being at the same time a perfect example of the rivalry of the space in a physical and symbolic sense. The very battle also has an economic dimension. It is also interpreted in the ethnic categories (the opposition: poor Poles — rich Lithuanians: Poles as the victims of the Lithuanian policy). The changes taking place in the space of the city lead to a greater restriction and appropriation of the sacred sphere by the commercialization, business, noise and entertainment. The conflicts fought in the Vilnius space (and on this space) prove how difficult it is to realize the ideals of multi culturality, an intercultural dialogue, non conflict life at the cultural borderline. They also show the power of money and its contribution to a division of the space of the city and managing this space. It is also visible on the basis of the problems with the returning the ground in Vilnius and Wileńszczyzna to its lawful owners (Poles in the predominating part of the places), the realization of the project “Great Vilnius” and appropriation of the Polish cultural heritage and its Lithuanisation.

2016-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Cultural Heritage and Its Global / Local Manifestations In a Contemporary Small Town

Katarína Koštialová

Language: ##locale.name.sk_SK## | Published: 20-02-2014 | Abstract | pp. 197-209

This paper considers the cultural heritage and global / local manifestation in urban spaces. It focuses on cultural monuments, phenomena, events and the image of the city, which form a historical continuum and the part of today's city culture with the overlap between global and local elements, forms and functions. Global and local manifestations enable compliance or conflict that may promote, encourage, even out or damage cultural heritage. Municipal institutions, NGOs, individuals and foreign investors and entrepreneurs enter into this process. The paper is the result of field research in Zvolen located in central Slovakia.

2014-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

The Tasks of Local Governments in Preservation and Dissemination of Cultural Heritage. Trials and Experiences of the Nowy Sącz Poviat

Stanisław Węglarz

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2014 | Abstract | pp. 69-81

The implementation by the Nowosądeckie district of its statutory tasks in the area of culture through concrete action is dependent inter alia on geography, demographic situation, history and traditions, as well as on current social and cultural context. For this reason, the actual information on local government projects of Nowy Sącz district in the sphere of the protection and promotion of cultural heritage is preceded by a historical outline. This part deals with administrative divisions and basis of multiculturalism in the Nowy Sącz region. One of the most important tasks is to aid to preserve and promote the cultural heritage of the Nowy Sącz region in order to maintain the local identity.

2014-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Cultural Heritage in the Context of the Decline of the Mining Industry in Banská Štiavnica

Jolana Darulová

Language: ##locale.name.sk_SK## | Published: 20-02-2014 | Abstract | pp. 187-196

The city of Banska Stiavnica and technical monuments in its vicinity were in year 1993 registered in the List of the World Cultural Heritage UNESCO (the mining region). The Salamander Parade in Banska Stiavnica as part of intangible cultural heritage of Slovakia represents specific and unique cultural traditions of miners that had formed during 150 years of existence of the Academy of Mining in Banská Stiavnica, during the following 80 years of active mining, and moreover, during 20 years following its finishing in 1993. The “Ausus” tradition nominated by the mining association Herrengrund is located in the mining settlement of Spania Dolina.

2014-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Human-powered transport in Slovakia until the second half of the 20th century. Selected questions

Katarína Slobodová Nováková

Language: EN | Published: 28-12-2021 | Abstract | pp. 1-20

For centuries, traditional means of transport have been tightly connected to traditional peasant culture. The work of a farmer has always represented not only the means of adaptation to the natural environment and the acquisition of essential articles of food and raw materials, but also the realization of one’s cultural identity. Over the centuries, it has acquired its typical features and has become distinct within several regional forms. This has been reflected in the traditional means of transport related to the daily annual cycle of a farmer’s work, as well as various non-agricultural opportunities. The aim of the study is to summarize the knowledge within the field of traditional transport in Slovakia during the first half of the 20th century, exemplified through some typical transport aids. It aims to point out their manifold utilization and their gradual adaptation to the changing natural, historical, and social conditions.

2021-12-28



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Cultural and Regional Education as an Instrument of Upholding Tradition and the Notion of Rooting in a Global Reality

Irena Kotowicz-Borowy

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2014 | Abstract | pp. 109-117

Unstable currently communication between generations, migrations and life globalization makes that determining of own identity becomes more difficult.Simultaneously commercialization of cultural heritage along with the development of merket economy may result in a threat to existence of native or regional culture. All the more, regional and cultural education, gaining greater importance, playing the essential role in the „small homelands”, as in the educational environment.Their aim is to restore post-memory, promotion of cultural heritage and using of cultural resources of local communities for the promotion and development of social capital in the region.

2014-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Old and new cultural areas of an industrial town on the example of Bytom, Ruda Śląska and Zabrze

Brygida Smołka-Franke

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2013 | Abstract | pp. Politechnika Śląska w Gliwicach Katedra Stosowanych Nauk Społecznych

The aim of the article is to discuss the processes of continuity and change that take place within the space of an industrial town, connected with the functioning of their cultural areas. The subject of interest is the process of creating qualitatively new cultural areas, changes of perception and valorization of socially degraded and empty cultural areas that are being ascribed new functions and meanings, as well as the development, maintenance and proper development of historical cultural areas of an industrial town, constituting the cultural heritage of this category of centres. The phenomenon of changes and valorization, was analysed on the example of the processes taking places in three towns, constituting the composition of the Upper-Silesian aglomeration, namely Bytom, Ruda Śląska and Zabrze.

2013-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

The European Heritage Label as a Tool for Establishing Heritage

Bartłomiej Sury

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2014 | Abstract | pp. 58-66

This essay illustrates not only an initiative of yielding The European Heritage Label, but also the significance of that enterprise for the objects placed in the territory of Central-Eastern Europe. The cultural European Union project described in the article shows ambitious efforts of that institution in counscious creation of the own heritage. One of the aims of yielding The European Heritage Label is enforcement of effiliation with European Union among European citizens especially young people. In this context the important issue is the question of effectiveness of this enterprise.

2014-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Rustic elements in the space of the city - the faithfulness of tradition or commercial actions of the free market?

Barbara Pabian

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2010 | Abstract | pp. 299-311

 The subject of reflection constitutes the condition of the traditional heritage of the peasant’s culture and its place in the contemporary culture of Częstochowa. In the space of this city, the trend for the folk character, going beyond not only the sphere of the advertisement of public life, but also permeating into the family tradition and traditional behaviours has been recently recognised. For example, The Days of The European Folk Culture connected with Jasna Góra Harvest Festival, the National Farm Exhibition, the National Contest of the Folk Art, presentation of the national and foreign folk bands, shows of the works of folk authors, taking into account the “dying professions”, as well as a sale of regional products, the agricultural produce, farm preserves, take place during the first September weekend from the initiative of the Gaude Mater Culture Promotion Centre. A large popularity in the urban environment is ascribed to the so called peasant (homemade) buffets prepared for the second day of the wedding, Fresh pickled cucumbers with a dill, lard with pork scratchings, a traditional ham with a bone, rural paste, brawn, black, a round loaf of bread and even spirit samogon are served at that time. Decorations of the surrounding are made of the attributes commonly associated with a village, such as a plait of garlic or onion, a cluster of dried herbs and mushrooms. Also, the appropriate containers in the form of stone small barrels, clay bowls and plates, ceramic containers, wooden scoops and chopping boards are used. The inhabitants of the city, used to live in rural conditions, are willing to go to distant places, folk stylized hotels and restaurants in which they can find a substitute of ruralness. Waiters wearing pseudo folk clothes serve there the dishes of regional cuisine. Everything takes place in rustic interiors, the sounds of melody and folk songs recorded or played alive by the folk bands and groups. The very stylizations are usually the effect of the owner’s or designer’s vision. They most often constitute a mixture of the elements borrowed from the culture of different regions (most often from Podhale) or the adaptation of the elements of the culture of another, often distant, region. In such a situation the questions on the nature of such actions arise. Is the permeation of given rustic elements into the urban space the result of the dynamics of the social awareness, filled with values deeply rooted in the culture of the countryside, also the attempt to continue the tradition or the a reflection of a temporary trend promoted on the series of commercial actions? The author of the article made an attempt to analyse the place of the urban cultural heritage in the contemporary urban environment.

2010-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Popculture mechanisms of creating the worlds of the past. Cultural heritage in contemporary exhibition practices

Elżbieta Nieroba

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2012 | Abstract | pp. 179-189

The memory of the past in a modern society finds its shelter in the walls of lieux de memoire, such as libraries, archives or museums. It is these institutions that we shift our responsibility for registering and storing everything that should be retained for future generations on. From this perspective, a museum can be perceived as a unit responsible for creating a social definition of heritage. Museologists, tidying a local, regional or national memory in an exhibition space, impose the vision of events and evaluation of past achievements on the audience. In a conscious or unconscious way, they participate in defining the truth about the past biding in a particular historical moment. A careful observation of changes happening in ways and styles of life in societies of late modernity shows limitations resulting from the Enlightenment museum discourse. A postmodernist blurring of a borderline between a high and low culture constitutes a starting point for going beyond fixed modes of thinking about museums as just dignified art institutions and temples of knowledge, and facilitates search for new tools in order to create a museum discourse using popular culture. Thus, museologists make efforts to make new exhibition arrangements adjusted to the present‑day expectations of the audience building and supporting bonds with the visitors, encouraging for discovering a potential of the artefacts presented, stimulating for a discussion with a suggested vision of the world or, generally speaking, to encourage undertaking cultural practices.

2012-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

The Atlas of Cultural Heritage of the Polish Village (a Project)

Zygmunt Kłodnicki , Agnieszka Pieńczak

Language: EN | Published: 18-07-2019 | Abstract | pp. 25-45

The ethnographic atlases hitherto published in Europe have been created to meet the needs of particular countries and nations rather than with any prospect of comparative studies in mind. Thereby, it is difficult to find maps which are comparable when it comes to systematics and chronology. Therefore, we believe it necessary to interpret anew source materials deposited in Cieszyn workshop of the Polish Ethnographic Archives – to deepen the systematics of mapped phenomena along with their chronology and earmark for future development and studies topics
that appear in other European atlases. The resultant maps are to compose an innovative edition, tentatively entitled The Atlas of Cultural Heritage of the Polish Village. The present article familiarizes readers with the concept of the planned endeavour, including aims, preliminary assumptions of the project, and the methodology of research.

2019-07-18



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

On the Cultural Heritage of Sheep Herding and the Shepherd Symbolism, Culinary Artistry and Good Taste

Marek Rembierz

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2014 | Abstract | pp. 82-108

A great culture-creating event “The Carpathian Sheep Graze — Transhumance 2013”, organized with due respect for pastoral tradition, and “Lamb Meat Feast” in Ustroń are examples of restitution and popularization of the cultural heritage of sheep farming and pastoral symbolics. Both events appeal to very deep layers of tradition, which raise reflection on culture-creating aspects of sheep farming (one of the oldest forms of agricultural economy), on the signs of pastoral customs and symbolics, and on culinary traditions. Pastoral elements still seem to be present in modern culture, especially in the religious symbolic imagination. However, most frequently there is no direct presence of sheep and shepherds, which might make them only a “relic” of the past.

2014-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

The Ritual of the Blessing of Animals in Mikstat: Past and Present

Natalia Zacharek

Language: PL | Published: 21-12-2020 | Abstract | pp. SEIA.2020.20.04 s. 1-15

This text focuses on comparing two images of the rite of the blessing of animals in Mikstat, based on 19th and 20th century literature, as well as on research from August 16, 2018. The analysis of old symbols, magical activities, and longforgotten celebrations is juxtaposed with contemporary changes in tradition which have created new symbolism for, and interest in, the older elements that comprise the cultural heritage of Mikstat. For at least 300 years, the purpose of the traditional rite of the blessing of animals on the Day of St. Roch (August 16) has been to preserve the health, happiness, and fertility of farm and livestock.

2020-12-21



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Among Notes on the Margin: the Legacy of an “Unruly” Discipline

Ewa Kozik

Language: PL | Published: 21-12-2020 | Abstract | pp. SEIA.2020.20.03 s. 1-16

The aim of this article is to re-examine the methodology of ethnographic research vis a vis the influence of methodology on the shaping of ethnology and cultural anthropology as a scientific discipline. Field research, which presupposes the scholar’s active participation and involvement in the life of the group under investigation, as well as the accompanying challenges to such an approach, are here treated as elements that shape the heritage of ethnology, reinforcing its power and securing its place among other disciplines. The author has undertaken the anthropological analysis of excerpts from field notebooks and subjective records by scholars involved in the creation of the Polski Atlas Etnograficzny [Polish Ethnographic Atlas].

2020-12-21



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

The issue of folk art in the ethnology of the borderland

Kinga Czerwińska

Language: PL | Published: 20-12-2011 | Abstract | pp. 171-184

The role of folk culture, especially artistic works based on traditional patterns and shaped under the influence of natural, historical, social and economic factors has an unquestionably important position in a discussion on the national heritage, its separateness and “place” in the European culture. Ethnologically, the folk art was interpreted as the utilitarian, religious, magic, prestigious, culture created as well as artistic and aesthetic value. The discussion on the contemporary state of the so called folk art and scope of definition of the very cultural phenomenon experiences many obstacles. The notions “ folk art”, “folk works” and “innate works” demand necessary verification in which one has to take into account new defining criteria, such as technique, subject-matter, function, and, above all attitude and author’s artistic self-awareness. A characteristic feature of this work is the continuation of traditional patterns and at the same time search for artistic individualism. In consequence, it leads to diverging from a typical convention, aiming at new, different formal, technical and thematic solutions. What needs verification is also the notion of “a folk author”. Nowadays it is rather a “pseudofolk” author, an artist for whom the most important is the process of creating his/her own artistic reality, experienced inside him/herself and its expression. A creative passion is an attempt to fight with passing time and rapid changes he/she does not follow, and overcoming workshop and emotional barriers. The very text is an attempt to characterize the contemporary and individual artistic work on the basis of the studies conducted in Silesia, especially Cieszyn Silesia and Zaolzie.

2011-12-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

A detective at the crossroads of cultures: The hybrid heritage of Ibn-e Safi

Marcin Ciemniewski

Language: PL | Published: 30-06-2024 | Abstract | pp. 1-17

Ibn-e Safi’s work is an example of a cultural hybrid that transcends the traditional boundaries of detective fiction. The author’s literary output not only constitutes the canon of Pakistani and Indian light fiction, but also shows how literature can function as a bridge between different, often distant cultural traditions, creating new forms of expression. On the one hand these novels are strongly rooted in the Western genre structures, while on the other hand they are saturated with local narrative elements that deviate from the conventions commonly associated with classic crime novels in the West. The aim of this article is to analyze Ibn-e Safi’s prose, focusing on the character of Detective Faridi, the main protagonist of the Spy World series. Particular attention was paid to the methods used by the author to deconstruct Western narrative patterns, introducing a different style of writing and local cultural tropes into his novels.

2024-06-30



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Culinary Heritage in the Context of European Tourism

Dorota Świtała-Trybek

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2014 | Abstract | pp. 28-48

Traditional cuisine is very important for tourism. It influences the attractiveness of particular countries, regions, places; it enables their economic development. The reference to the cultural heritage has many various forms (routes, festivals, competitions, culinary workshops). On the map of Europe there are „old” culinary routes, with their long history; they are recognisable and described in guide books. There are also new ones, a product of the activity of local communities, the implementation of EU programmes etc.

2014-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

Heritage as a process of cultural and social negotiation based on the example of Oran in Algeria

Anna Barska

Language: PL | Published: 07-03-2023 | Abstract | pp. 1-13

The article refers to the difficult and complex history of the colonial and postcolonial times of Oran, a city in western Algeria, located on the Mediterranean Sea. A spatial and temporal perspective captures the nature of heritage creation and its role in reading the past, grappling with the present and imagining the future. The spatial and temporal inseparability, as well as the socio-cultural link between past and present, is clearly evident in the case of Oran.

2023-03-07



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

The Project “Sheep”. Reflections of the pedagogue—about cooperation in action

Dorota Prysak

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2017 | Abstract | pp. 185-196

  The Project “Sheep” resulted from the special educator and ethnologist cooperation, as addressing the need for using an experience and place by representatives of different scientific areas, the purpose of which was to combine professional competence in innovative teaching. The main goal was to raise funds to buy a sheep, then entrust it to the experienced shepherd from Koniaków who wanders along the Carpathians and reconstruct the old way of grazing. At the same time, the participation in this project has been used as an excellent opportunity to talk about building the local identity and cultural heritage values of the region and disabled people. This project also concerned people who are often barely visible in the human herd—people with disabilities.

2017-02-20



Journal: Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

The culinary scene in city space. New trends, new needs of residents

Dorota Świtała-Trybek

Language: PL | Published: 20-02-2015 | Abstract | pp. 48-64

The subject of this article is culinary trends observable in Polish cities during the past few years. They include both the rediscovered practices, directly related to the cultural (culinary) heritage of a particular area, and these which have become popular only recently. According to the author, characteristic culinary fads are: the promotion of local delicacies on a large scale, growing interest in shopping in farmers’ markets offering organic produce (bio-markets) and traditional goods, growing popularity of street food (including street food festivals and picnics), and organizing the so called “breakfast on the grass” events.

2015-02-20