Die katholische Kirche begleitet den Christ auf dem Weg zur Vollkommenheit. Eine besondere Rolle auf diesem Weg spielt das Bußsakrament. Davon zeugen viele Dokumenten der Kirche.
In diesem Artikel versuchen wir zu verstehen, wie man dem Beichtendem helfen kann, richtig und fruchtvoll am Bußsakrament teilzunehmen. In der Moraltheologie, die für die heutige Pädagogik und Psychologie offen ist, sieht man mindestens vier Etappen der geistlichen Entwicklung. Die drei Etappen betreffen den Beichtenden. Es geht um die Heteronomie, Autonomie und Theonomie. Jede Etappe bleibt für verschiedene Tugenden offen. In der Heteronomieetappe sind vor allem der Gehorsam, das Recht und die Autorität wichtig; in der Autonomie besonders die Freiheit und die Liebe. Die letzte Etappe, die Theonomie, wird eine Synthese aller früheren Etappen. Eine hervorstehende Tugend für die Theonomie bleibt die Verantwortlichkeit.
Der Priester soll wissen, auf welcher Etappe der Moralentwicklung der konkrete Beichtende ist. Außerdem muss man wissen, welche spezifischen Probleme das moderne Leben schafft. Man kann sagen, dass es heute vor allem um bioethischen Fragen geht. Alle, die in der Seelsorge tätig sind, sollen dem Beichtenden helfen.
Der Weg zur Vollkommenheit ist lang und das Bußsakrament bleibt eine besondere und wertvolle Hilfe für den Christ.
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No. 3 (2007)
Published: 2021-08-04

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