This study presents a comparative analysis focused on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) among students of Pedagogy in the Czech Republic and Poland. The aim of the research is to compare how Czech and Polish students use AI in both their academic and personal lives.The research was conducted using a quantitative method through a structured questionnaire (25 closed-ended questions) distributed across five universities in both countries (a total of 275 pedagogy students participated in the research, 130 from Poland and 142 from the Czech Republic) during May and June 2025. Data analysis was carried out using the chi-square test of independence. The research findings show that AI has already become a common part of academic life for pedagogy students in both countries. The majority of respondents reported using AI regularly, with Polish students showing a slightly higher frequency of use than Czech students. Students most commonly use AI for information retrieval, creating presentations, writing academic papers, translation, grammar checking, and understanding complex subject matter. Students perceive AI as beneficial for their future professional practice, and most express an interest in further education in this area. At the same time, they are aware of the risks associated with AI use-particularly ethical and informational risks – and in most cases, they verify AI-generated outputs through other sources. The research also revealed differences between students in the two countries-for example, in the frequency of AI use in practical teaching, in the level of perceived awareness, or in attitudes related to AI use (such as feelings of guilt). The conclusions of the study underscore the need for the systematic integration of AI into education, including training on its risks, and the support for developing students’ digital competencies in an international context.