Żydowskie dziedzictwo religijne w koncepcji krajobrazu konfliktu Materialne świadectwa Zagłady i działań zbrojnych na przykładzie Nowego Cmentarza Żydowskiego w Łodzi

Anna Majewska

doi:10.31261/NoZ.2021.07.06

Published: 2021-05-18

No. 1(7) (2021)

Jewish Religious Heritage in the Conception of the Landscape of Conflict: Material Testimonies of the Holocaust and Military Operations on the Example of the New Jewish Cemetery in Łódź

Anna Majewska

Section: Cywilne praktyki ludobójcze

https://doi.org/10.31261/NoZ.2021.07.06

Abstract

The landscape of conflict is a conception which has recently attracted a lot of attention in landscape studies. It chiefly inspires studies that represent the field of the archeology of the present, thus constituting one of the keys to reading? history from the structures of the surrounding cultural landscape. This article proposes to extend the conception of the landscape of conflict into the discourse about Jewish material religious heritage. Attention paid by the humanist to materiality reveals new contexts of the Holocaust, including its non-human, landscape representations. Here, an adaptation of the conception in the studies of Jewish religious heritage has been carried out on the example of research conducted in the vicinity of the New Jewish Cemetery in Łódź. This article presents the results of studies of chosen elements of this landscape of conflict, elements which, along with other functions, constitute the physical fact of the gravestones of the necropolis. The research drawn upon was gathered using the methods of non-invasive field documentation; the analysis involves the comparisons of photogrammetric and teledetection data, including point clouds obtained by laser scanning and aerial photographs. These were the basis for the spatial models of the structures of material heritage under consideration, which constitute historical palimpsests, and for the identification of the elements of this landscape of conflict.

Keywords:

archaeology of the contemporary past , landscape studies , LiDAR , materiality turn , Jewish cemeteries , World War Two

Download files

PDF (Język Polski)

Citation rules

Majewska, A. (2021). Jewish Religious Heritage in the Conception of the Landscape of Conflict: Material Testimonies of the Holocaust and Military Operations on the Example of the New Jewish Cemetery in Łódź. Narracje O Zagładzie [Narrations of the Shoah], (1(7), 95–115. https://doi.org/10.31261/NoZ.2021.07.06

Cited by / Share

References

Archeologia totalitaryzmu. Ślady represji 1939–1956. Red. O. Ławrynowicz, J. Żelazko. Łódź 2015.
Google Scholar

Arnold S.: Geografia historyczna Polski. Warszawa 1951.
Google Scholar

Bailey G.: Time Perspectives, Palimpsests and the Archaeology of Time. “Journal of Anthropological Archaeology” 2007, Vol. 26, s. 198–223.
Google Scholar

Baksik Ł.: Macewy codziennego użytku. Wołowiec 2012.
Google Scholar

Banaszek Ł.: Badania archeologiczne w ramach projektu „Sztutowo czy Stutthof? Oswajanie krajobrazu kulturowego”. W: Sztutowo czy Stutthof? Oswajanie krajobrazu kulturowego. Red. Ł. Banaszek, M. Wosińska. Poznań–Sztutowo 2011, s. 27–31.
Google Scholar

Baranowski J.: Litzmannstadt Getto 1940–1944. W: Żydzi łódzcy. Red. A. Machejek. Łódź 2015, s. 85–101.
Google Scholar

Baranowski J.: The Gypsy Camp in Łódź 1941–1942. Łódź 2003.
Google Scholar

Bielawski K.: Zagłada cmentarzy żydowskich. Warszawa 2020.
Google Scholar

Budyta-Budzyńska M.: Socjologia narodu i konfliktów etnicznych. Warszawa 2010.
Google Scholar

Chen R. et al.: Detecting and Characterizing Active Thrust Fault and Deep-Seated Landslides in Dense Forest Areas of Southern Taiwan Using Airborne LiDAR DEM. “Remote Sensing” 2015, Vol. 7, s. 15443–15466.
Google Scholar

Coleman P.T. et al.: Navigating the Landscape of Conflict: Applications of Dynamical Systems Theory to Addressing Protracted Conflict. In: The Non-linearity of Peace Processes. Theory and Practice of Systemic Conflict Transformation. Eds. D. Körppen, N. Ropers, H.J. Giessmann. Opladen 2011, s. 39–56.
Google Scholar

Colls C.S.: Holocaust Archaeologies. Approaches and Future Directions. London 2015.
Google Scholar

Colls C.S.: Holocaust Archaeology: Archaeological Approaches to Landscapes of Nazi Genocide and Persecution. “Journal of Conflict Archaeology” 2012, Vol. 7, Issue 2, s. 70–104.
Google Scholar

Crawford O.G.S.: Archaeology in the Field. London 1953.
Google Scholar

Creighton O.H., Wright D.W.: The Anarchy. War and Status in 12th-Century Landscapes of Conflict. Liverpool 2016.
Google Scholar

Dahrendorf R.: Teoria konfliktu w społeczeństwie przemysłowym. W: Elementy teorii socjologicznych. Red. W. Dereczyński, A. Jasińska-Kania, J. Szacki. Warszawa 1975, s. 429–463.
Google Scholar

Delle J.A., Heaton P.: The Hector Backbone: A Quiescent Landscape of Conflict. “Historical Archaeology” 2003, Vol. 37, Issue 3, s. 93–110.
Google Scholar

Domańska E.: Cmentarze jako przedmiot historii ratowniczej (rescue history). W: Ziemia skrywa kości. Zapomniane krajobrazy pamięci – cmentarze protestanckie w Wielkopolsce po 1945 roku. Red. J. Kołacki, I. Skórzyńska. Poznań 2017, s. 33–45.
Google Scholar

Domańska E.: Gleba cmentarna jako dziedzictwo. W: Dziedzictwo we współczesnym świecie: kultura, natura, człowiek. Red. A. Marciniak, M. Pawleta, K. Kajda. Kraków 2018, s. 73–87.
Google Scholar

Doneus M.: Openness as Visualization Technique for Interpretative Mapping of Airborne Lidar Derived Digital Terrain Models. “Remote Sensing” 2013, Vol. 5, s. 6427–6442.
Google Scholar

Geoportal Ortofotomapa. Dostępne w Internecie: www.geoportal.gov.pl [data dostępu: 11.05.2019].
Google Scholar

Jensen D., Baird T., Blank G.: New Landscapes of Conflict: Land-use Competition at the Urban-rural Fringe. “Landscape Research” 2019, Vol. 44, Issue 4, s. 418–429.
Google Scholar

Karsvall O.: Retrogressiv metod. En översikt med exempel från historisk geografi och agrarhistoria. „Historisk Tidskrift” 2013, 133 (3), s. 411–435.
Google Scholar

Katyń w świetle badań terenowych 1994–1995. Red. M. Głosek. Toruń 2003.
Google Scholar

Kersz I.: Szkice z dziejów Gminy Żydowskiej oraz cmentarza w Łodzi. Łódź 1996.
Google Scholar

Kobiałka D., Frąckowiak M., Kajda K.: Tree Memories of the Second World War: a Case Study of Common Beeches from Chycina, Poland. “Antiquity” 2015, Vol. 89, Issue 345, s. 683–696.
Google Scholar

Kola A.: Archeologia zbrodni. Oficerowie polscy na cmentarzu ofiar NKWD w Charkowie. Toruń 2005.
Google Scholar

Kronika getta łódzkiego/Litzmannstadt Getto 1941–1944. Red. J. Baranowski, S. Feuchert. T. 2: 1942. Łódź 2009.
Google Scholar

Majewska A.: Continuity and Decline. Temporal Expression of Denominational Cemeteries in Contemporary Times. „Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica” 2019, nr 34, s. 71–96.
Google Scholar

Majewska A.: Jewish Sepulchral Heritage in Silesian Voivodeship Divided by the Borders. Similarities and Differences. In: “Region and Regionalism”. No 13, Vol. 2. Eds. K. Heffner, B. Solga. Łódź–Opole 2017, s. 147–167.
Google Scholar

Monumenta et Memoria. Cmentarz żydowski w Łodzi. Red. L. Hońdo. Łódź 2016.
Google Scholar

Moshenska G.: Resonant Materiality and Violent Remembering: Archaeology, Memory and Bombing. “International Journal of Heritage Studies” 2009, Vol. 15, Issue 1, s. 44–56.
Google Scholar

Nolan T.J.: Geographic Information Science as a Method of Integrating History and Archaeology for Battlefield Interpretation. “Journal of Conflict Archaeology” 2009, Vol. 5, Issue 1, s. 81–104.
Google Scholar

Nowy Cmentarz Żydowski. Dostępne w Internecie: http://fotopolska.eu/Lodz/b37432, Nowy_cmentarz_zydowski.html?f=1064073-foto [data dostępu: 11.05.2019].
Google Scholar

Numeryczny Model Terenu (NMT), arkusz danych: M-34-3-D-b-2-4-3-4, Centralny Ośrodek Dokumentacji Geodezyjnej i Kartograficznej, Warszawa 2017.
Google Scholar

Passmore D.G., Harrison S., Tunwell D.C.: Second World War Conflict Archaeology in the Forests of North-west Europe. “Antiquity” 2014, Vol. 88, Issue 342, s. 1275–1290.
Google Scholar

Pholsena V.: A Social Reading of a Post-Conflict Landscape: Route 9 in Southern Laos. In: Interactions with a Violent Past. Reading Post-Conflict Landscapes in Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. Eds. V. Pholsena, O. Tappe. Singapore 2013, s. 157–185.
Google Scholar

Podolska J.: The Jewish Cemetery in Łódź. Łódź 2010.
Google Scholar

Podolska J., Walicki J.: A Guide to the Jewish Cemetery in Łódź. Łódź 1997.
Google Scholar

Rzepkowski A.: Ludność Łodzi w okresie I wojny światowej. Łódź 2013.
Google Scholar

Saunders N.J.: Killing Time. Archaeology and the First World War. Stroud 2007.
Google Scholar

Saunders N.J.: Trench Art: A Brief History and Guide. Philadelphia 2001.
Google Scholar

Saunders N.J. et al.: Conflict Landscapes of the Soča/Isonzo Front, 1915–2013: Archaeological-Anthropological Evaluation of the Soča Valley, Slovenia. „Arheo. Arheološka obvestila. Glasilo Slovenskega arheološkega društva” 2013, 30, s. 47–66.
Google Scholar

Saunders N.J., Faulkner N.: Fire on the Desert: Conflict Archaeology and the Great Arab Revolt in Jordan, 1916–18. “Antiquity” 2010, Vol. 84, Issue 324, s. 514–527.
Google Scholar

Schackel P.A.: Archaeology, Memory, and Landscapes of Conflicts. “Historical Archaeology” 2003, Vol. 37, Issue 3, s. 3–13.
Google Scholar

Schofield J.: Combat Archaeology: Material Culture and Modern Conflict. London 2005.
Google Scholar

Stawiszyńska A.: Łódź w latach I wojny światowej. Oświęcim 2016.
Google Scholar

Szacki J.: Dylematy historiografii idei oraz inne szkice i studia. Warszawa 1991.
Google Scholar

Wejland A.P.: Pojęcia podstawowe. W: Miejsca pamięci i miejsca zapomnienia. Interdyscyplinarne badania na Jurze Krakowsko-Częstochowskiej. Raport z badań. T. 1: Wprowadzenie metodologiczne. Red. A.P. Wejland, O. Ławrynowicz. Łódź 2016, s. 34–45.
Google Scholar

Wiatr E.: Historia cmentarza. W: Monumenta et Memoria. Cmentarz żydowski w Łodzi. Red. L. Hońdo. Łódź 2016, s. 9–34.
Google Scholar

Wojalski M.Z.: Cmentarz żydowski w Łodzi. Łódź 2000.
Google Scholar

No. 1(7) (2021)
Published: 2021-05-18

ISSN: 2450-4424

eISSN: 2451-2133

Publisher

Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego | University of Silesia Press

Submit