Τὸ Καλόν is a fragment from Shaftesbury’s notebooks titled Askêmata, which complements the contents of three volumes of Characteristics of Men, Manners, Opinions, Times (1711, 1714). Like other notes in these notebooks, this one also serves as a kind of Stoic exercise aimed at shaping the proper internal attitude. In this work, Shaftesbury develops his concept of beauty, most fully presented in The Moralists (1709), where he
distinguishes three types of beauty: phenomenal beauty, spiritual beauty, and ideal beauty of nature. At the same time, these notes complement the optimistic concept presented there by asserting the universal accessibility of aesthetic experience and pointing to the need for effort in shaping a proper interpretation of phenomena, which refers not only to the order of phenomena but also to the source of spiritual beauty.
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Vol. 50 (2023)
Published: 2024-06-18