https://doi.org/10.31261/NEO.2020.32.01
In order to properly classify the phraseme (that is, a constrained, or non-free, expression) No parking, a universal typology of lexical phrasemes is proposed. It is based on the following two parameters:
• The nature of constraints
— Lexemic phrasemes: the expression is constrained with respect to freely constructed meaning.
— Semantic-lexemic phrasemes: the expression is constrained/non-constrained with respect to the meaning constrained by the conceptual representation.
— Pragmatemes: the expression is constrained with respect to pragmatic conditions, that is, to the extralinguistic situation of its use (in a letter, on a street sign, on a package of perishable food).
• The compositionality
The expression can/cannot be represented as regular “sum” of its components.
As a result, we have, firstly, the following major classes of lexical phrasemes:
1) Non-compositional lexemic phrasemes: idioms (˹cold feet˺, ˹shoot the breeze˺)
2) Compositional lexemic phrasemes: collocations (rain heavily, pay a visit)
3) Non-compositional semantic-lexemic phrasemes: nominemes (Big Dipper, New South Wales)
4) Compositional semantic-lexemic phrasemes: clichés (See you tomorrow! | Absence makes the heart grow fonder.)
For clichés, the least-studied class of phrasemes, a more detailed classification is proposed (as a function of the type of their denotation). Secondly, each phraseme (except a nomineme) and each lexemes can be pragmatically constrained, i.e. a pragmateme: ˹Fall out!˺ (idiom; a military command) | Take aim! (collocation; a military command) | Emphasis mine/added (cliché; in a printed text) | Rest! (lexeme; a military command).
Télécharger les fichiers
Règles de citation
Cité par / Partager
Vol. 32 (2020)
Publié: 2020-12-23
10.31261/NEO
Français (France)
English