https://doi.org/10.31261/SPiP.2009.05.11
The buildings referred to as “a castle” or “an abbot” are situated in the north-west part of the monastery hill in Tyniec. Their shape resembles the figure of seven which sticks to the north tower of church with its corner. Both arms of the building in its basement involve arched gates through which the road to the monastery goes under the angle of almost 90 degrees. The current structure of the building dates back to the half of the 15th century. The first source information on the monastery incastellation comes form the half of the 13th century and can be connected to battles for the throne in Krakow at that time and ruling of outstanding abbots Lutfryd and Kosmas, as well as connections to the Gryfit family. However, against the accepted opinions, one should claim that the castle in Tyniec has never been possessed by a monarch and consisted of the same staff, apart from special situations and, especially in the earlier period of time (13th century). It was a part of the monastery and abbot residence from the very beginning. Apart from the residence function, it also played the role of the centre of the board of monastery domain which, aside from a steward, was guarded by a separate clerk known as a starost (at least to the end of the 15th century). Also, he represented the abbot during the session of the court of the higher German law. It is likely that the very court had its headquarters (starting from the second half of the 14th century) in the territory of the castle whereas its sessions took place in a big room mentioned in the sources. Here, also the most outstanding guests coming to the abbot (queen Jadwiga, 1394; Długosz with princes, 1467/1468) were received. A reconstruction of the castle into a Renaissance style was directed by an abbot Hieronim Krzyżanowski certainly at the turn of the 1560s and 1570s. Then the development in a south-western direction (along the western part of the monastery courtyard over the precipice leaning towards the Vistula) was conducted and the room of a starost and the room of court sessions were moved to the new wing. A military nature of the castle, likewise the under-monastery transport on the Vistula and the road, had, above all, a local influence. The defense of confederates from Bar as late as at the end of the 18th century increased an awareness of its strategic and military importance.
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Vol. 1 (2009)
Published: 2009-12-31
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