Résultats de recherche

Revue: Neophilologica

Classement de métonymies et son utilité dans la traduction automatique

Anna Czekaj

Langue: FR | Date de publication: 31-12-2019 | Résumé | p. 106-124

The paper focuses on the problem of the classification of metonymy. Presenting various classifications of metonymy, the author wonders how they are useful for the purpose of automatic translation. The discussion undertaken in the paper concerns the classification proposed by Taouffic Massoussi, who in his doctoral dissertation has presented a very extensive and detailed classification of metonymy carried out from the point of view of automatic translation. On the basis of the analysis of selected examples, the author proposes a different classification of metonymic expressions employing the object-oriented approach proposed by Wiesław Banyś.

2019-12-31



Revue: Neophilologica

Métonymie et classes d’arguments

Taoufik Massoussi

Langue: FR | Date de publication: 31-12-2007 | Résumé | p. 119-137

For a long time monopolized by the rhetoricians, the metonymy begins to be the object of some semantic works which remain however rather fragmentary, not offering global vision of the functioning of this mechanism. We give in this article a definition of the metonymy based on the theoretical model of the classes d’objets. We define then the relation between appropriate predicates and arguments suited as frame of analysis of the metonymical transfers of the predicates between correlated classes of arguments. Finally, it is through the examination of the relation between the classes of <producers> and <productions> that generates sentences like I’m reading an American author, I’m listening to Mozart, etc., that we study the metonymy of argumental type. Our analysis settles as objective the detection and the automatic generation of the metonymy.

2007-12-31



Revue: Neophilologica

Cette table part demain — la faute du traducteur ou l’intention de l’auteur ? — à propos de la métonymie dans la traduction automatique

Anna Czekaj

Langue: FR | Date de publication: 31-12-2015 | Résumé | p. 33-44

The paper constitutes the analysis of the question of metonymy in automated translation. An average language user is not familiar with the notion, which does not preclude them from using metonymic structures on a daily basis. By being natural mental shortcuts they guarantee faster communication and, hence, contribute to economy in language. Similarly, an automated translator “does not know” that an expression which it is to translate is called metonymy. But this particular knowledge would not be useful in the process since the computer’s task is to translate the given expression correctly in the target language, not to define or classify it. Therefore, the following paper does not touch upon the question of definition, categorization or criteria of distinguishing metonymy among other structures. Instead, by analyzing examples translated into French the author presents the solution for translating metonymic structures in automated translation, which is based on the Object Oriented Approach formulated by Wiesław Banyś.

2015-12-31



Revue: Neophilologica

Is metonymy really more regular than metaphor? A first investigation into the French Lexicon

Lucie Barque

Langue: EN | Date de publication: 12-12-2025 | Résumé | p. 1-24

Regular polysemy is considered more intrinsically linked to metonymy than to metaphor in both linguistic and psycholinguistic literature. Yet, on the one hand, metonymy exhibits varying degrees of regularity, and on the other hand, metaphor is also subject to polysemic regularity. This paper aims to assess the extent to which metonymy and metaphor exhibit regularity in the lexicon. Based on the analysis of lexicographic descriptions of a sample of nearly 3,000 French nouns, this study compares the regularity of polysemy patterns—defined as recurring sense alternations—within the two types of figures. While the findings confirm theoretical assumptions by identifying more regular metonymic patterns than regular metaphoric ones, they reveal, on average, no significant difference between metonymy and metaphor in terms of regularity. The resulting dataset is publicly available to allow further exploration of how regular polysemy emerges in the lexicon and its correlation with lexical figures.

2025-12-12



Revue: Neophilologica

Question de métonymie dans la traduction automatique

Anna Czekaj

Langue: FR | Date de publication: 31-12-2011 | Résumé | p. 136-149

The article is devoted to the problem of metonymy in automatic translation. The author focuses on possible difficulties that can arise in the process of automatic translation of metonymic structures. The analysis of the problem is largely based on the examples taken from corpus material, which has been collected by the author, referring to the parts of the body and analysed according to the object oriented approach proposed by W. Banyś, as well as on the examples taken from the doctoral dissertation by T. Massoussi, which is devoted to a very thorough classification of various metonymic uses. The author shows how the adopted method of analysing language items can serve as a tool in solving problems that may appear in the process of translating the structures in question.

2011-12-31



Revue: Neophilologica

Classement de métonymies et traduction automatique

Anna Czekaj

Langue: FR | Date de publication: 23-12-2020 | Résumé | p. 192-209

The paper is a continuation of the author’s previous work regarding the legitimacy of metonymy classification for the needs of automatic translation. The author attempts to solve the problem presented in the paper entitled Classification of metonymy and its usefulness in automatic translation and proposes her classification of metonymic expressions, which could be a helpful tool in computer translation.

2020-12-23



Revue: Neophilologica

Perception et métonymie — problèmes de traduction automatique

Anna Czekaj

Langue: FR | Date de publication: 31-12-2018 | Résumé | p. 76-88

The paper focuses on the automatic translation of metonymic expressions. Due to the fact that metonymic expressions are very frequent in varous texts, the Author reflects on possible problems they may pose for automatic translation. At the same time, the Author underlines the fact that the metonymic expressions that may be especially complex for the machine to translate are those which have come into being on the basis of cultural, historical, or religious factors — that is those factors
that are typical of a given community, as they reflect the way the community perceives various phenomena and extralinguistic situations. On the basis of the group of chosen examples, the Author proposes the solution to the problem of correct translation of metonymic expressions with the use of the object-oriented approach by Wiesław Banyś.

2018-12-31



Revue: Neophilologica

Quelques remarques pour vous mettre au parfum à propos du parfum

Anna Czekaj

Langue: FR | Date de publication: 31-12-2017 | Résumé | p. 40-54

The present paper focuses on the problem of automatic translation based on the object-oriented approach proposed by Wiesław Banyś. The author carries out the analysis of the French noun parfum, whose proper translation into Polish may seem too complex from the point of view of automatic translation, as it has many Polish equivalents depending on the context of its use. The paper is an attempt to show how, thanks to the object oriented approach, the problem of choosing an appropriate target language equivalent is solved.

2017-12-31



Revue: Neophilologica

Les items à facettes — le cas du nom journal

Magdalena Perz

Langue: FR | Date de publication: 21-12-2022 | Résumé | p. 1-14

L'objectif de cet article est d'examiner les difficultés auxquelles se heurte toute étude d'une unité polysémique. A travers l'exemple du nom français journal, l'auteure analyse la diversité de ses effets interprétatifs. L'article présente différentes solutions adoptées par les linguistes telles que : notion de facette sémantique, celle de métonymie dense et de métonymie intégrée pour traiter le contenu sémantique de mots complexes. Les problèmes soulevés par la polysémie sont nombreuses et de nature différente. Elles sont sont vivement discutées, mais il y a encore beaucoup de questions à régler en la matière, comme celles liées au sens et la réalité extralinguistique. L'une des difficultées à affronter est la distinction précise entre la polysémie et les emplois d'ordre métonymique.

2022-12-21



Revue: Neophilologica

Être (le) témoin de, un prédicat approprié sélectionnant les noms d’événement?

Ewa Pilecka

Langue: FR | Date de publication: 31-12-2014 | Résumé | p. 49-62

Considering all kinds of definitions, the distributional definition seems the most useful when we want to determine the class of event nouns, in particular, there exists a series of dedicated verbs (e.g. avoir lieu, se produire, survenir…) which select event arguments. In this paper we try to see whether the phrase être (le) témoin de may join the series of dedicated predicates, and if so, under what conditions. A corpus study enables us to ascertain that, if a nominal phrase expressing time or place appears as the subject of this verbal construction, it causes a nominal phrase expressing an event to appear as the object. Grammaticalization marks are visible at the syntactic as well as at the semantic level. The exchange of functions makes the noun phrase in the position of a subject acquire the status of an adverbial, the event noun in the object position — that of the main predicate (nominal), and the expression être (le) témoin de becomes the grammatical support thereof. The grammaticalization takes place preferably in propositions in the past or future tenses, and is often based on a personification or a meaning transfer as a metaphor or a metonymy.

2014-12-31



Revue: Neophilologica

Modèles sémantico-syntaxiques des prédicats dans la conception de la grammaire à base sémantique de Stanisław Karolak — quelques problèmes et solutions

Beata Śmigielska

Langue: FR | Date de publication: 12-10-2021 | Résumé | p. 1-20

The author examines semantic-syntactic models of predicates according to Stanislaw Karolak’s conception of semantic-based grammar. From the list of first-order bivalent predicates provided by S. Karolak, the author analyses some of them from the point of view of the number and quality of the implied argument positions. During the analysis it often turns out that more than one model refers to one form of predicate (one signifiant). This phenomenon is due to the polysemous nature of words in natural language and, therefore, to the ambiguity of uses of predicates in different contexts (more than one signifié). In order to determine the number and type of arguments semantically implied by a given predicate, the author applies the test of negation, contraposition, and paraphrase leading to a semantic decomposition and emphasises the role of the metaphor and metonymy in their interpretation.

2021-10-12



Revue: Neophilologica

Dobletes etimológicos en el español 1611—1739. Conclusiones

Ewa Stala

Langue: ES | Date de publication: 31-12-2012 | Résumé | p. 213-218

This article is a continuation of the paper presented at the previous session and, at the same time, the summary of some comments of the project devoted to semantic change. The theme of the project are the Spanish etymological doublets extracted from the lexicographical material (1611—1739). At first we present the common theories about the semantic changes in the doublets and the mechanism of their formation. The adopted analysis scheme is the classic division into the mechanism of change (transfer of meaning through metaphor, metonymy, ellipse or popular etymology) and the effects of the change (widening and narrowing of meaning and its pejoration or amelioration) plus the phenomena observed in our study: the relationship concrete — abstract and a phenomenon called semantic distribution. After the examples that illustrate this scheme, the conclusions, both the quantitative and qualitative, are presented.

 

2012-12-31



Revue: Neophilologica

La actualización del nombre COVID-19 (y sus sinónimos) en los portales de información de lengua española

Mirosław Trybisz

Langue: ES | Date de publication: 29-12-2023 | Résumé | p. 1-20

Con el inicio de la pandemia por COVID-19, la gente necesitó la información sobre la nueva enfermedad. Los periodistas en seguida la facilitaron en los portales de información. Por falta del conocimiento especializado, usaron muy a mendu la metonimia, pues aparecieron varios sinónimos populares adquiridos por consecuencia por los lectores. En el texto analizamos como el nombre COVID-19 (tomando en cuenta también todos sus sinónimos posible) que pertenece a la categoría de <enfermedades infecciosas> están actualizados en los textos que se pueden consultar en los portales de información de lengua española. Presentamos los determinantes y los verbos soporte usados por los periodistas hispanohablantes, lo que permite conocer mejor la combinatoria del nombre en cuestión, pero también de todos los nombres predicativos de la misma clase. Como los textos estudiados se caracterizan por un cierto nivel de especialización, los análisis de otros textos, más o menos especializados, pueden llevar a otras conclusiones.

2023-12-29