We will move away from fossil fuels in the future — that is a fact. However, we do not yet know what environmental, economic, and social decisions await us. Certainly, difficult choices will have to be made. We do know one thing: without energy, the world as we know it will not survive. There would be no energy today without the much-hated coal, whether we like it or not.

Contrary to traditional sources, where energy is obtained from the combustion reactions of coal or gas, nuclear energy is obtained from processes related to radioactivity, i.e. the ability of certain atomic nuclei to undergo radioactive decay. Nuclear power plays an extremely important role in the modern world. Some see it as an opportunity for decarbonisation and increased energy security, while sceptics see numerous risks associated with the use of a radioactive energy source.

Vulnerable persons are not only women, children, and people with disabilities. This group also includes the elderly, pregnant people, single parents, victims of human trafficking, severely ill people, those suffering from mental disorders, as well as people who have been victims of rape, torture, and other forms of physical, mental, or sexual abuse. Any person, due to certain circumstances, deficiencies, or dysfunctions, might be unable to fully exercise their rights.

Everything that has been happening in Ukraine since 24 February 2022 fills us with horror, compassion, and moral objection. There is no doubt that Putin, his closest associates, the commanders of the Russian army, and its regular soldiers are responsible for the evil that is taking place in our neighbour’s territory. The tragedy of the Ukrainian people demands justice and just punishment for the culprits. However, let us try to disconnect emotionally and analyse the current situation in Ukraine in the context of international law.

The issue of migration is one of the most important research topics today, also among sociologists. For at least a few years now, we have been observing an increase in migration movements. What are their causes? What are the consequences? These questions have been addressed by a scientist specialising in the sociology of migration, religion, and the analysis of contemporary cultural transformations.

Crime is a phenomenon that cannot be completely eradicated. Society’s traditions and culture, as well as the level of its economic development, are very important in maintaining the optimal happiness levels of its people. In spite of the efforts of educators and parents, who are sometimes overly preoccupied with ensuring a prosperous life for their children, they are unable to protect them from the danger of going down the road of crime.

Terrorism is a method of action, and the radicalisation which may lead to violence is not necessarily linked to Islam or its ideology’. While Islamist terrorist organisations such as Al-Qa'ida or ISIS are responsible for most of the attacks we hear about in the media, the 2011 attacks in Norway were carried out by a right-wing extremist Anders Breivik, a blond-haired and blue-eyed man. The article is devoted to the analysis of the motivations and modes of conduct of terrorists.

What is quantum cryptography? Can classical banknote security measures be replaced by quantum ones? How to deal with the threats posed by quantum computers? While many publicists are keen on fearmongering with quantum computers as a challenge to data security, we are by no means helpless in the face of this threat.

In international relations, information is seen as a resource of strategic significance. As a consequence, it can be used in a harmful way, including information warfare. When compiling the most comprehensive definitions of this concept found in Western science, we may assume that it is an organised activity which consists in modifying or destroying communication systems with the intention to achieve political, military, or economic goals.