https://doi.org/10.31261/WSN.2013.13.10
Bielsko and Biała became one town for the first time during Hitler’s occupation. Both towns were occupied by the troops constituting the composition of the fourth Ukrainian Front led by general Iwan Pietrow during the attack of the Red Army. At the same time, two separate operational groups were sent to Bielsko and Biała from Katowice and Kraków to create the new authorities. The arrival of two groups proved that the towns were to constitute two separate administrative organisms like it was before the war. Both the authorities of Bielsko and Biała were trying to change this decisions in vain until 1950. The article describes the most important political and social events that took place in the area of both towns and nearby villages in 1945. These included the formation and activity of the government administration, self-government bodies, political parties, and independence underground, as well as opening shops, and industrial or craft companies. The article also raises the issue of inhabitants’ life conditions in 1945 that was largely influenced by the stationing of the Red Army forces, food availability and its prices, as well as the agricultural policy of new authorities. Another important problem was the issue of the rehabilitation of people that signed the German People’s List, and the displacement of Germans who stayed there. The very action was coordinated by a local department of the National Repatriation Office, the aim of which was also to take care of the repatriated and displaced passing by this area, and the organization of the settlement of people that came from other regions of Poland. As the final dividing line is considered the end of 1945 and 1946.
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Vol. 5 No. 10 (2013)
Published: 2020-02-25
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English
Język Polski