La prima metà del ottocento nel continente europeo viene caratterizzata dai cambiamenti radicali e drammatici che fanno un’eco lontano alle due rivoluzioni, una francese ed un altra industriale. La terza rivoluzione – scoppiata nel 1848 cosidetta Primavera dei Popoli – ha messo la Chiesa cattolica davanti alla necessità di ridefinizione chiara del suo atteggiamento di fronte alle questioni sociali e politiche più urgenti. La Chiesa cattolica, in modo particolare in Francia ed in Germania, ha cominciato allora una ricerca dei modi e delle forme per far fronte alla „questione sociale” sempre più emergente. Così è nato il movimento sociale ispirato „dal basso” che col passare del tempo sarebbe stato chiamato il „cattolicesimo sociale”.
Su tale sfondo viene descritto il contenuto del primo settimanale cattolico apparso in Alta Slesia in lingua polacca. „Tygodnik Katolicki” („Settimanale Cattolico”) naque nel 1848 a Piekary – centro religioso e culturale di grande importanza nella regione che apparteneva allora alla Prussia. L’analisi degli articoli, che rappresentano le opinioni e convinzioni sociali dei redattori legati con don J. Fiecek (1790–1862), si concentra sulle questioni sociali, riguardanti il modo in cui si dovrebbe rifare l’ordine sociale dopo le sopranominate rivoluzioni. I redattori credono che sarebbe stato possibile ricrearlo ritornando all’oramai scordato ideale della vita familiare, all’onestà del lavoro professionale ed all’armonia della vita parrocchiale. Tali tre sfere della vita sociale: famiglia, lavoro e parrocchia, che – secondo l’ottica della Chiesa in Slesia – dovrebbero riformare il fondamento dell’ordine sociale dopo la rivoluzione del 1848.
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Vol. 36 No. 1 (2003)
Published: 2021-02-10
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