https://doi.org/10.31261/TPDJP.1999.15.10
Metatext factors in educational discussion can be divided into several types. According to text criterion, there are two main types of units to be found which take part in text organisation and in a discourse. All the elements of a discourse which help organize and make order in pupils' answers belong to the first type, and they are like: “say it again, please,” “make it a whole sentence, will you?,” “correct it” (what you have just said or written), “say it in different words” or “correct it nicely, will you?,” “but you can’t write,” and the like — so they deal mainly with a linguistic side of the process of knowledge transfer. The second type of metadiscourse expressions are: short word-like utterances, conjunction words, additional expressions, and metatext operators, etc., that is the words whose function is to make the text coherent. They are: 1) expressions which affirm the text — metadiscoursive such as: fine, well, good, poorly, very well, nicely (you speak and or your handwriting is you read), and the like; 2) expressions which help organize the text: so, but, because, well, at last, because of, surely, only, probably, and the like, which mainly introduce the text itself, fill in the gaps or refer to something that has already been said/written or read. Such a very typical word functioning to enhance coherence of the didactical discourse is the word “no, ...” in Polish, which can be more or less adequately expressed by the English “well, ...”. It occurs in these parts of the lesson where teacher-pupil communication speeds up, exchange of information becomes vivid, or when the teacher aims at language activisation of his pupils. Also expressive “No, ...” can appear in teacher’s language — the so-called speed-up “no” in the context of the type: well, do it!; well, say it!; well, write it now; well, read it then!; well, think about it; well, be quick, will you? However, high frequency of such “No”-es in teacher’s speech does not really favour the didactical process as a whole nor make the pupil more active both in thinking and verbally.
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Vol. 15 (1999)
Published: 1999-12-31
10.31261/TPDJP
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
English
Język Polski