https://doi.org/10.31261/WSN.2003.03.06
Polish calendars from the second half of the 18th century became an important source of information, popularizing knowledge and combating superstitions. Initially, astrological predictions dominated, but Jesuits introduced political calendars devoid of astrology, focusing on practical knowledge in history, geography, nature, and medicine. Astronomy gained prominence, explaining eclipses and other phenomena as natural occurrences, thus discrediting astrology. Calendars also discussed theories about life in space and the stability of the Solar System. The fight against superstitions extended to comets and meteorological phenomena like storms and earthquakes, which were rationally explained, rejecting supernatural interpretations. Health prophylaxis, hygiene, and vaccinations were promoted to combat epidemics. Calendars played a crucial role in disseminating scientific progress and shaping rational thought in 18th-century Polish society.
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Vol. 3 (2003)
Published: 2020-03-06
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