https://doi.org/10.31261/WSN.2000.00.04
The article presents an analysis of the origins of Żory as a pre-chartered settlement, arguing that its beginnings reach back at least to the turn of the 12th and 13th centuries, if not earlier. Drawing on ducal documents—particularly the 1272 charter issued by Duke Władysław of Opole—and entries from the "Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis", the author reconstructs the ownership structure and settlement character of Żory before it was granted town rights. Special attention is given to the analysis of cultivated land (about 600 hectares), indicating the village's significant economic potential. The study highlights Żory’s role as a stable and well-established village, likely serving both as a parish center and logistical support for the Cistercian monastery in Rudy. This is confirmed by the fact that its inhabitants were obliged to provide services to the monks even before 1272. The author argues that the donation by Duke Mieszko II the Fat to the Cistercians was foundational, and the property relationship with Żory should be linked to the failed attempt to locate the monastery in nearby Woszczyce. The retrospective research approach shows that Żory’s urban founding was a deliberate utilization of an already existing settlement potential rather than a spontaneous ducal decision.
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Vol. 1 (2000)
Published: 2020-03-05
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