According to Art. 10 of GMA deposits of hydrocarbons, hard coal, and methane occurring as an accessory accompanying mineral, lignite, metal ores except of bog soddy iron ores, native metals, radioactive element ores, native sulphur, halite rock salt, potassium salt and potassium — magnesium salt, gypsum and anhydrite, precious stones (gemstones), curative waters, thermal waters and brines — irrespective of their location (the place of their occurrence), are subject to mining property belonging to the State Treasury. Mining property also covers the parts of the formation rock mass located outside the borders of the land property, in particular those located within the maritime territories of the Republic of Poland. All other minerals are the subject to the land property. The provisions of the Civil Code apply, mutatis mutandis, to the mining property. The State Treasury, in the limits prescribed by the law, to the exclusion of other persons, may use the object subject of the mining property or dispose of its rights solely by the creation establishing of a mining usufruct. The mining property is inalienable (non-transferable).

The Act of 28 July 2005 on spa treatment, spa resorts and their protective zones and spa municipalities provides that mining of mineral resources other than natural therapeutic resources is prohibited. The question arises whether this ban applies to mining of minerals by the open-pit method only, or by underground and drilling as well. Another problem is to determine whether the spa municipality may demand the expiry of the mineral mining license „in the spa area” that was issued before the entry into force of such ban.

The main aim of this paper is to present a catalogue of sources of Italian environmental law and legal rules concerning Italian environmental law. Remarks about the name of this discipline in the Italian Republic are made in the first part of the paper. Afterwards the list of basic acts regulating environmental issues in Italy is demonstrated. In the third part author discuses catalogue of selected legal rules, and in the last part development of the legislation concerning forms of nature conservations in the Italian Republic is presented and particular forms are shortly characterized.

The Act of 17 December 1998 r. on old-age pensions and disability pensions from the Social Insurance Fund provides for mining old-age pension awarded under the preferential rules. Namely some miners have right to retire before the statutory retirement age, especially in case they are employed in mines of kinds specified by statute. The paper considers the notion of “mine” with regard to Act of 9 June 2011 — the mining and geological law, particularly regulation concerning concession for exploitation of minerals from deposits and mining plants. The prescriptions of the latter Act, which refer to liquidation of mining plants, as well as the Act of 7 September 2007 on functioning of the mining industry, must be taken into account to answer a question when the mine becomes inactive.