The aim of this article is to analyze crime rates in the Przemyśl district before the outbreak of the Russian-Ukrainian war and during its first year. The question was raised as to whether the influx of refugees had affected the level of public safety. The study, based on an analysis of legal acts, administrative and statistical data, as well as the literature on the subject, showed that despite unprecedented migration, there was no rise in crime. The number of criminal and traffic offenses decreased, and the high detection rate of perpetrators remained unchanged. The biggest problemremained traffic crimes that were not related to migration. Misinformation that caused social anxiety, were crucial. The article highlights the role of reliable communication and the state actions of public institutions in maintaining social stability was emphasized.

This article explores a study of the practice of using official model justifications for rulings in disciplinary proceedings of selected professional corporations. The research data was obtained by requesting public information from 84 disciplinary courts. The study revealed that most of these courts do not apply Article 99a of the Polish Code of Criminal Procedure. Further analysis leads to broader conclusions on the application of law accordingly. Most importantly, it enables a systemic, rather than incidental, evaluation of the actual outcome of applying a procedural legal norm and an assessment of the compatibility of this outcome with the specific nature of disciplinary proceedings. This grants the disciplinary judiciary an additional dimension of independence, which is not present in the common courts.