PR 2024 nr 3 cały numer

-

The rapid development of streaming platforms has led to a sharp increase in demand for large quantities of film descriptions. At the same time, the production of such texts is constrained by strict licensing and copyright requirements. As a result, streaming platforms are forced to create their own film descriptions that differ from the original promotional materials used in theatrical distribution. This article seeks to address the question of how effectively AI performs the task of generating one of the genre-specific forms of film annotation – the logline – from a pragmatic perspective, taking into account its place and role within the system of streaming communication, as well as its core genre characteristics.

The author analyzes media formats and processes that suggest a shift from a rational-discursive paradigm of text perception to a bodily-experiential one, where meanings are not only constructed but also sensorily experienced. As they develop, new media expand their functionality and strive toward sensuality and the substitution of physical contact. Using the ASMR and Oddly Satisfying genres as examples, the article describes the incorporation of various sensory channels into media products, the syncretism and dehierarchization of sensors, and examines the concepts of haptic visuality, tactile media aesthetics, sensory media text, and techniques for creating haptic videos.

An analysis of mass media texts and contemporary neological dictionaries suggests that the following recently emerged discourses have had a significant influence on Russian neology: computer, network, esoteric, advertising, economic, psychological discourses, etc. This article will examine the influence of “new” discourses on the emergence, consolidation, and functioning of modern Russian neological phraseology based on mass media texts, since the mass media and the Internet play a significant role in the spread of neologisms from often initially narrow subcultural spheres into mass speech and in the growth of their popularity, which contribute both to the support of communication within specific discursive spaces and subcultures and to the instantaneous spread of any speech phenomena.

The article analyzes the media image of relations between Rodnovers (practitioners of Slavic Native Faith) and the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) through the lens of the ‘us versus them’ opposition. The ROC frames Rodnovers as a “pseudo-religion”, an artificial construct, and a threat to Russian spiritual security, employing metaphors of disease and foreign subversion. Conversely, Rodnovers portray the ROC as a foreign force that imposed Christianity through violence, suppressed authentic Slavic traditions, and destroyed indigenous spiritual knowledge. The analysis reveals common discursive strategies employed by both sides, including demonization of the opponent, construction of alternative historical narratives, selective use of sources, and claims to exclusive truth. Both groups compete for the right to define authentic Russian spirituality and national identity in post-Soviet Russia. The study demonstrates how the ‘us versus them’ opposition functions as a key mechanism for constructing group identity and mobilizing supporters in the digital media environment.

The article presents a qualitative analysis of the functioning of a Polish internet meme within the Russian-language online space (Runet), approached from a cultural and linguistic perspective. The study examines visual and textual content, remixes, trends, and the meme’s reception in social media and commercial contexts. The findings demonstrate that the meme undergoes adaptations, permeates various discourses and everyday practices, and that its virality depends on humor, simplicity, and transcultural adaptability. This phenomenon illustrates the mechanisms of transformation in contemporary digital e-folklore.

Internet memes represent an important form of contemporary media communication, particularly in the context of international tensions and the transnational exchange of symbols. This study focuses on visual and verbal humor as a means of expressing cultural codes, political positions, and public sentiments in the Russian-Czech media context. The analysis draws on contemporary memes circulating on social media and examines how they construct images of Russia, the "West," and the "Other," as well as how memes function as a form of symbolic resistance, satire, and intercultural reflection.

The article analyzes hate speech strategies in Russian-language internet memes concerning Ukraine in the context of hybrid warfare. The study encompasses a corpus of 100 memes from the period February–July 2025, excerpted from the Pikabu platform and analyzed using Babak Bahador’s six-level hate speech intensity scale. The research examined both textual and iconic layers of the memes. The results show that over half of the analyzed units employ milder forms of hate speech (early warning level), while one quarter uses more radical forms through dehumanization and demonization strategies. The primary target of attacks is the President of Ukraine, followed by Ukraine as a state and Ukrainians as a nation. Key mechanisms employed in the textual layer include irony and sarcasm, while visual elements involve negative collages, parody, animalization, and physiognomic manipulation.

With an Axe, but without an Idea. Intertextual Relations between Anton Chekhov’s Etude “On the High Roadˮ and the Prose of Fyodor Dostoevsky

The purpose of the article is to identify the intertextual links between Anton Chekhov’s first one-act play and the works of Fyodor Dostoevsky. It examines the drama On the High Road as a deliberate, ironic response to the work of the author of Crime and Punishment. The author of article points out that Chekhov employs parody and deconstructs grand ideas, transforming his predecessor’s dark psychological intensity into a portrayal of human frailty and everyday absurdity. The main characters of the drama, Merik and Bortsov, function as simplified embodiments of Dostoevsky’s protagonists, deprived of their spiritual depth and clear rational motivations. The article also draws attention to the role of Chekhov’s dialogue with Dostoevsky. The analyzed etude is an important element in the formation of the playwright’s original poetics. 

The article attempts to determine the compositional and stylistic role of italicized words in Dina Rubina’s autobiographical novel The Lonely Writing Person, devoted to the processes of literary creativity. The novel constructs an I-narrative in which the dialogic interaction of inner and outer speech becomes evident. The use of italics creates a distinct rhythm and dynamism in the narrative, emphasizing key semantic elements and the text's expressive nuances. This graphic device also highlights moments of irony and the author’s self-reflection, allowing the narrator to comment on her own experience of writing. As a result, italicized fragments function not only as a means of textual emphasis but also as an important stylistic mechanism that contributes to the formation of the writer’s self-portrait and the reflective tone of the narrative.

The author presents the evolution of machine translation and raises the question of whether modern technologies can replace humans in the translation of literary texts. To address this issue, she conducts an experiment involving the translation of a Russian fairy tale whose meaning relies on grammatical gender distinctions, posing a particular challenge for translation algorithms. A comparison of the outputs produced by popular translation tools, such as Google Translate and DeepL, with translations prepared by students and with the capabilities of ChatGPT demonstrates the remarkable progress achieved in the field of artificial intelligence. While traditional machine translation tools struggle with context and metaphorical meaning, ChatGPT shows considerable sensitivity to linguistic nuances, performing on a level comparable to that of some human translators. The findings ultimately suggest that, although technology has become a powerful support tool, the intuition and expertise of professional translators remain essential for preserving the artistic coherence and integrity of literary texts.

This article addresses the translation challenges posed by the Russian lexeme бултых, a syncretic linguistic unit functioning simultaneously as an onomatopoeia and ultra-instantaneous verb. Drawing from a contextualized corpus extracted from the Russian National Corpus, the study analyzes 102 real-world examples in which this lexical unit appears to evaluate the particular translations provided by the neural machine translation systems Google Translate and DeepL. The main objectives of this study are: (1) to examine the semantic and morphosyntactic structure of бултых; (2) to assess the quality of the automatic translations available; (3) to classify the most frequent errors made by the neural machine translation systems; (4) to identify the key factors to consider when translating it either as an onomatopoeia or as an ultra-instantaneous verb; and (5) to propose suitable Spanish equivalents that preserve both its meaning and function within a text. The conducted analysis reveals that automatic translation systems have severe limitations when it comes to dealing with culturally marked lexical phenomena, underscoring the need for a detailed semantic-actantial analysis to act as a foundation for more accurate translation decisions to be built on. Specific recommendations are also offered for improving the translation of this complex linguistic unit.

PR 2024 nr 3 NOTY