Analysis presented in the paper are related to the interdisciplinary located notion of resistance. There is presented net of notions and categories typical for studies of resistance in the frames of psychology, sociology and educational studies. There are also presented perspectives of the location of resistance category in the philosophical reflection.

Patients’ resistance may occur at any stage of psychotherapy or mediation process. The focus of this paper is on the resistance to use psychotherapy or family mediation. We also explore psychological grounds for the difficulties behind the decision to seek professional psychological help. The resistance in psychotherapy is one of the fundamental problems, hence a lot of research studies and practical techniques can be found regarding the determinants of resistance and strategies how to cope with it. However, in the family mediation literature the conceptualisation of resistance to enter the mediation process has rarely been investigated. In the present paper five main factors of the avoidance of counselling or psychotherapy are analysed, namely: (i) social stigma, (ii) treatment fears, (iii) fear of emotion, (iv) anticipated utility and risk, and (v) problems with self-disclosure. As far as the decision to enter family mediation is concerned the main sources of clients’ resistance can be traced to negative convictions, attitudes and fears of the mediation process. The results of the author’s own research on this subject show that the main components of resistance are: (1) disbelief in effectiveness of mediation, (2) attribution of negative characteristics to mediation, (3) reluctance to involvement of third party, and (4) fear of disclosure of secrets. In the final part of the paper a discussion of similarities between the factors determining the resistance to participate in psychotherapy and family mediation is presented.

Contemporary, there is a constant need of having therapeutic knowledge among pedagogues and other specialists who support the development of adults, children and adolescents. This process is accompanied by the increase of awareness of different phenomena in the therapies and popularisation of psychoanalytic terms in the pedagogic praxis and social filed. The article presents the way of the resistance understanding in the process of psychodynamic psychotherapy of adults, children and adolescents and possibility of working over resistance – from the resistance source to the application of therapeutic techniques and control analysis usage.

In contrast with general educational studies, where resistance is mainly analyzed within the context of school environment, the category of resistance has been virtually absent in the field of social rehabilitation. The paper postulates the scope for using the category for studies on prison gangs. Considered in the context of resistance, the prison gang is a phenomenon that (1) stays in opposition to formal institutional structure, (2) comprises behaviors of ritualistic nature, and (3,) those behaviors undermine rehabilitative functions of the institution. An insight into the prison’s second life employs notions developed in contemporary reflections on resistance, especially ideas such as everyday resistance, infrapolitics as well as transcripts, both hidden and public.

The aim of the article is to analyse the educational experience of youth from correctional facilities in the context of resistance theory. Birmingham School is the theoretical base of analysis with particular emphasis on Paul Willis work („Learning to Labour”). The naratives collected during semi-structured interviews with the juveniles from eight Polish correctional facilities is the empirical base for qualitative analysis. Juveniles compulsory schooling (from before being placed in a correctional facility) was the main point of interest of resistance. Analyzing specificity of resistance, the special attention was paid to its sources, forms of activity and effects.

In the society dealing with the ramifications of an incomplete, despite the passing of almost thirty years, transformation process, social resistance of its citizens has become a way of voicing one’s opinion in the face of uncertainties accompanying the innovative character of social reforms introduced. Oftentimes, regardless of a political faction currently wielding power, society expresses its fear and defiance towards changes being proposed. We are able to make similar observations as to the attempts of reforming education system in Poland.

In the article, a broad understanding of counterculture and countercultural resistance is proposed. The author suggests broadening the analyses of countercultural resistance with Romantic resistance and with ecological resistance movements. At the same time, he pays due attention in his analyses to the significance and manifestation of the “Romantic need.” The importance of the idea of nature is also emphasized – the idea which, in the author’s opinion, was taken over by Romantics from the esoteric tradition, only to be subsequently reinterpreted and continued in the 20th-century youth counterculture and in environmentalist milieu/environmentalist circles.

The presented article raises the issues of social participation and the child citizenship, discussed against the backdrop of historical shifts, with the intention to show possibilities within this scope. Additionally, the author purports to clarify the basis for misinterpretation and wrongful implementation of children’s social participation. Moreover, the article aims at showing the value of children’s social participation for the advancement of civil society? as well as citizens’ engagement through developing adult–child cooperation at a personal, organizational or institutional level, on the local, national and international scale.

The presented text is an attempt to diagnose the situation where we observe a common resistance to the need and logic of using proper, grammatically correct Polish. The very awareness of the role played by language correctness as a decisive contributing factor in efficiency of performing task, fulfilling needs, and attaining ambitions, which translates directly into quality of life, seems to be a question of primary importance. Underscored in the text is the need to use proper, grammatically correct Polish in everyday situations, by indicating the exact conditioning of errors and reasons for making them. Taking the aforementioned issues into account, it seems worthwhile to increase the awareness across the spectrum of educational environments responsible for the issue in question, and to pinpoint the individual and social consequences brought about by linguistic deficiencies along with the need of integrated compensating and preventive actions.

This article aims at revisiting chosen paradoxes encountered in the process of evaluation, particularly the evaluation of English language acquisition level among the learners from Far East countries. What is characteristic of those countries is, on the one hand, a strong orientation towards student testing, and on the other hand, the linguistic remoteness of their official and native tongues from English, which in turn intertwines the language competence testing into various, often unexpected, cultural contexts. Therefore, East Asian countries constitute a very attractive research subject, especially as a part of discussion concerning cultural imperialism.

The article examines social control and the legal system as one of its tools. A survey was conducted among pedagogy students; the subject of the evaluation of selected social control institutions. The views presented by the students are diverse; the respondents believe that the law has a regulative and protective function, both in society and in their lives. In their opinion, the prosecutors and courts are the most effective, while they deem the municipal police as the least effective. The proper functioning of formal social control institutions (legal and law enforcement authorities) is determined by their staff competence, good organization of work, and actions in compliance with the law. According to the respondents, informal social control determines the behaviour of an individual significantly, since this type of social control acts promptly and has positive and negative sanctions at its disposal.

Functioning in the family determines the attitudes of a person in their adult life to a great extent. Young people who wish to start their own family usually confront their expectations and ideas as to the form and functioning of a family with their partner. Their own families of origin become the fundamental point of reference in this case. Therefore, analysis of opinions concerning the values assigned to the families of origin of the generation of people who are at the point of transition from their original systems to the stage of starting their own families seems to be significant.

Reflections are centered around educational aspects of shaping health culture. The author assumes that health culture lies in the educational reality. Referring to psychological and sociological approaches to culture the author shows cultural referents of health as a value and the meanings that are attributed to the human body in contemporary culture and tries to define the concept of health culture. Based on analysis of media information related to the body and health the author states that today only education can protect man from negative consequences of socialization for its health and proper development. The author emphasizes the role of health education in a proces of health literacy and states that its effectiveness requires educational activities that prepare man to rational functioning in the media space.

A crucial element of the health culture is physical education. Physical training is one of the conditions of healthy lifestyle and achieving a better quality of life. Without the economic pressure or other vital necessity, an individual is prone to save his or her energy. As a result, sedentary lifestyle proliferates with all its consequences, including those health-related. Inactivity with predominating sedentary behaviours became a part of the society’s lifestyle. The article characterises types of physical activities undertaken by women residing in the Silesian Voivodeship, simultaneously indicating the necessity of educational and promotional actions regarding this sphere of life.

The paper includes an initial analysis of qualitative research, conducted in Italy in the years 2009–2014. It is a part of the author’s research programme, whose final outcomes will be published shortly. The subject of the study is the perception of fear of death in the context of Thanatopedagogical Relational Replacement Therapy. The present results of the research on the Italian population will be confronted with findings of the research in the Czech Republic, Ukraine and Poland. Preliminary analysis of the results shows that in some research areas, the Italian population differs significantly from the others.

Modern human is vulnerable to various psychosocial healthaffectingproblems. Often one does not realize his or her own behaviours or activities integrated into one’s daily life that in some cases can take pathological forms. Increasingly, and with renewed strength, emerge the activity addictions characterized by a lack of control and compulsion. We become addicted to shopping, tanning, exercise, gambling, work, computer or mobile phone. An addiction, consequently, restricts the freedom of the individual, leading to the deterioration of health and psychosocial well-being. It seems, therefore, necessary, to implement comprehensive measures based on comprehensive approach to the problems in question.

The research constituting the basis for this article is aimed at gauging the risk of various addictions among the school-aged youth of Bytom, followed by designing of a local scheme of addiction prevention. Analyses presented in this text clearly reinforce the need to approach the phenomena of addiction comprehensively; the said approach would not only investigate the causes, but also propose practical solutions. Both efficient and effective prevention scheme should be developed as inter-institutional co-operation. Thus, the author develops a set of suggested solutions to the problems diagnosed.

The article presents considerations regarding specific societal spaces, namely, the socially disadvantaged environments. The spaces in question – referred to as social peripheries – are depicted as counter-educational, and as such, especially requiring action from the field of social prevention, particularly schemes aiming at the prevention of risky behaviours among the youth. The author presents his research results pertaining to differences in the risky behaviours undertaken by the juveniles who come from various social and educational backgrounds. He also indicates the need to instigatesystemic solutions regarding the youth risky behaviours prevention in the socially disadvantaged areas.

This text’s aim is to draw implications for school didactics that result from the human being’s entanglement in the orders of both, nature and culture. In her considerations, the author attempts at a re-enactment of the manner in which complementary arrangements of nature and culture find their common ground in educational thought, and their objective expression in the sphere of Polish teachers’ education. Yet, the said considerations do not involve all facets of the school subject in question, neither do they relate to any particular stage of education. What is elucidated herein, are merely selected questions of literary culture, namely, the essence of contemporary reading practice being a premise upon which one may raise a cultural anthropology concept of the literary-cultural education that echoes the views by Polish Studies’ theoreticians and practitioners.

The main aim of the article is to present the model of psychological flexibility and to describe how can it be useful for purpose of understanding psychological mechanisms of living value-based life or resisting one’s dreams. The paper depicts basic assumptions of psychological flexibility model and its six core processes. The article presents also original research (N = 111) on relationship between psychological flexibility (AAQ-II), value-based life (VQ), committed action (CAQ), motivation (GMS), and creativity (SPTO). Data suggest that psychological flexibility is strongly positively correlated with committed action, progress in values, internal motivation and creativity, while negatively correlated with values obstruction and external motivation.